TY - JOUR TI - Unmet Needs in Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms AU - Toumpanakis, Christos AU - Fazio, Nicola AU - Janson, Eva Tiensuu and AU - Horsch, Dieter AU - Pascher, Andreas AU - Reed, Nicholas AU - O'Toole, AU - Dermot AU - van Dijkum, Els Nieveen AU - Partelli, Stefano AU - Rinke, Anja AU - and Kos-Kudla, Beata AU - Costa, Frederico AU - Pape, Ulrich-Frank and AU - Grozinsky-Glasberg, Simona AU - Scoazec, Jean-Yves AU - Detlef, Bartsch AU - and Rudolf, Arnold AU - Eric, Baudin AU - Lisa, Bodei AU - Ivan, Borbath AU - and Jaume, Capdevila AU - Martyn, Caplin AU - Jie, Chen AU - Frederico, AU - Costa AU - Anne, Couvelard AU - Jaroslaw, Cwikla B. AU - de Herder, Wouter AU - W. AU - Massimo, Falconi AU - Jenny, Falkerby AU - Nicola, Fazio AU - Diego, AU - Ferone AU - Andrea, Frilling AU - Rocio, Garcia-Carbonero AU - Simona, AU - Glasberg AU - Vera, Gorbunova AU - Ashley, Grossman AU - Dieter, Hoersch AU - and Robert, Jensen AU - Gregory, Kaltsas AU - Guenter, Kloeppel AU - Peter, AU - Knigge Ulrich AU - Beata, Kos-Kudla AU - Guenter, Krejs J. AU - Eric, AU - Krenning AU - Matthew, Kulke AU - Steven, Lamberts W. J. AU - Elisabeth, AU - Nieveen van Dijkum AU - Juan Manuel, O'Connor AU - Dermot, O'Toole and AU - Ulrich-Frank, Pape AU - Stefano, Partelli AU - Ellen, Pavel Marianne and AU - Marc, Peeters AU - John, Ramage AU - Nicholas, Reed AU - Guido, Rindi and AU - Anja, Rinke AU - Philippe, Ruszniewski AU - Halfdan, Sorbye AU - Anders, AU - Sundin AU - Jean-Yves, Scoazec AU - Babs, Taal G. AU - Eva, Tiensuu Janson AU - and Christos, Toumpanakis AU - Juan, Valle AU - Marie-Pierre, Vullierme AU - and Staffan, Welin AU - Bertram, Wiedenmann AU - ENETS 2016 Munich AU - Advisory Board JO - ISRN Neuroendocrinology PY - 2019 VL - 108 TODO - 1 SP - 37-44 PB - Karger SN - 2090-7982 TODO - 10.1159/000493894 TODO - Appendix; Carcinoids; Appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms; Appendicectomy; Right hemicolectomy TODO - Appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms (ANEN) are mostly discovered coincidentally during appendicectomy and usually have a benign clinical course; thus, appendicectomy alone is considered curative. However, in some cases, a malignant potential is suspected, and therefore additional operations such as completion right hemicolectomy are considered. The existing European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) guidelines provide useful data about epidemiology and prognosis, as well as practical recommendations with regards to the risk factors for a more aggressive disease course and the indications for a secondary operation. However, these guidelines are based on heterogeneous and retrospective studies. Therefore, the evidence does not seem to be robust, and there are still unmet needs in terms of accurate epidemiology and overall prognosis, optimal diagnostic and follow-up strategy, as well as identified risk factors that would indicate a more aggressive surgical approach at the beginning and a more intense follow-up. In this review, we are adopting a critical approach of the ENETS guidelines and published series for ANEN, focusing on the above-noted grey areas. ER -