TY - JOUR
TI - New insights into hydrothermal vent processes in the unique shallow-submarine arc-volcano, Kolumbo (Santorini), Greece
AU - Stephanos P. Kilias
AU - Paraskevi Nomikou
AU - Dimitrios Papanikolaou
AU - Paraskevi N. Polymenakou
AU - Athanasios Godelitsas
AU - Ariadne Argyraki
AU - Steven Carey
AU - Platon Gamaletsos
AU - Theo J. Mertzimekis
AU - Eleni Stathopoulou
AU - Joerg Goettlicher
AU - Ralph Steininger
AU - Konstantina Betzelou
AU - Isidoros Livanos
AU - Christos Christakis
AU - Katherine Croff Bell
AU - Michael Scoullos
JO - Scientific Reports
PY - 2013
VL - 3
TODO - -
SP - 2421
PB - Nature Publishing Group
SN - 2045-2322
TODO - null
TODO - volcano, Santorini, Greece, mineralogy, geochemistry, synchrotron
TODO - We report on integrated geomorphological, mineralogical, geochemical and biological investigations of the
hydrothermal vent field located on the floor of the density-stratified acidic (pH , 5) crater of the Kolumbo
shallow-submarine arc-volcano, near Santorini. Kolumbo features rare geodynamic setting at convergent
boundaries, where arc-volcanism and seafloor hydrothermal activity are occurring in thinned continental
crust. Special focus is given to unique enrichments of polymetallic spires in Sb and Tl (6Hg, As, Au, Ag, Zn)
indicating a new hybrid seafloor analogue of epithermal-to-volcanic-hosted-massive-sulphide deposits.
Iron microbial-mat analyses reveal dominating ferrihydrite-type phases, and high-proportion of microbial
sequences akin to "Nitrosopumilus maritimus", a mesophilic Thaumarchaeota strain capable of
chemoautotrophic growth on hydrothermal ammonia and CO2. Our findings highlight that acidic
shallow-submarine hydrothermal vents nourish marine ecosystems in which nitrifying Archaea are
important and suggest ferrihydrite-type Fe31-(hydrated)-oxyhydroxides in associated low-temperature iron
mats are formed by anaerobic Fe21-oxidation, dependent on microbially produced nitrate.
ER -