@article{3478035, title = "Loneliness and intersubjectivity: A view from Trevarthen's theory", author = "Evangelia Galanaki", journal = "Frontiers in Psychology", year = "2023", volume = "14", number = "-", pages = "1145739", publisher = "Frontiers", doi = "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1145739", keywords = "loneliness, solitude, intersubjectivity, emotion, motive, sharing, culture", abstract = "Based on his pioneering research on infants and drawing from the epistemological framework of phenomenology (Husserl, 1964; Habermas, 1972), Trevarthen has formulated a developmental theory of intersubjectivity which focuses on innate Other-awareness, inborn motives for sympathetic engagement with others, and cultural sharing—from the beginning of life (Trevarthen, 1977, 1980; Trevarthen and Aitken, 2001). I suggest that this theory of companionship has the potential to offer a rich conceptualization of loneliness, defined as the distress and social pain stemming from being alone. This potential has not been examined thus far and is the focus of this study." }