Mechanisms of signal transduction and organization of the plant cytoskeleton: The role of reactive oxygen species

Doctoral Dissertation uoadl:1309184 756 Read counter

Unit:
Τομέας Βοτανικής
Library of the School of Science
Deposit date:
2015-04-28
Year:
2015
Author:
Λιβανός Παντελεήμων
Dissertation committee:
Αποστολάκος Παναγιώτης Καθηγητής
Original Title:
Μηχανισμοί μεταγωγής σήματος και οργάνωση του φυτικού κυτταροσκελετού: O ρόλος των δραστικών μορφών οξυγόνου
Languages:
Greek
Translated title:
Mechanisms of signal transduction and organization of the plant cytoskeleton: The role of reactive oxygen species
Summary:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are extremely reactive molecules capable of
inducing severe damages in cellular components. However, due to their unique
chemical features, they have evolved as essential regulators in various
biological processes. In the present study, ROS implication in the signal
transduction mechanisms participating in the organization of the plant
cytoskeleton was examined. Thus, the effects of ROS disturbance in the
organization of the plant cytoskeleton were monitored in the angiosperms
Triticum turgidum, Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays. In the present work,
dividing root cell types were mainly studied, considering the extensive
cytoskeleton reorganization occurring in them. ROS implication in the formation
of stomatal complexes in Z. mays leaves was also investigated. Collectively,
the data presented in this thesis confirm that plants are able to adjust ROS
levels, managing not only to avoid oxidative damage but also to use ROS as
signal molecules. It was found, for the first time that ROS interfere with the
organization of tubulin cytoskeleton and the progress of plant cell division.
Moreover, our results, suggest that ROS, somehow, participate in the
establishment of the future division plane. Sensing of ROS levels and the
subsequent reorganization of the tubulin cytoskeleton, including
post-translational modifications, is accomplished by protein kinases and MAPs.
In addition, the spatially and temporally controlled ROS production is involved
in the mechanism that induces cell polarization and asymmetrical division
generating the subsidiary cells in stomatal complexes of Poaceae.
Keywords:
Reactive oxygen species, Microtubules, Cytoskeleton, Macrotubules, Morphogenetic stimuli
Index:
No
Number of index pages:
0
Contains images:
Yes
Number of references:
765
Number of pages:
X, 346
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