Summary:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by
abnormal and persistent activation of the immune system of the intestinal
mucosa, which is caused by the presence of normal intraluminal flora. IBD
include Crohn's disease (NC) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
CD is an autoimmune disease, and can affect any partial of the gastrointestinal
tract but more frequently affects the terminal ileum and colon.
UC is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease confined to the colon.
The colitis associated cancer is estimated to be responsible for 2% of colon
cancers annually.
The development of CRC in IBD follows the sequence chronic inflammation -
dysplasia - cancer, with dysplasia standing for precancerous condition. The
histologic classification of dysplasia divided into 5 categories: negative for
dysplasia, indefinite for dysplasia, positive for low-grade dysplasia, positive
for high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancer .
In colitis associated CRC, the most common mutations involving the p53 gene,
subsequently the K-ras and the APC occurs rarely. Point mutations of the p53
gene can be detected in non- dysplastic mucosa in patients with ulcerative
colitis.
In order to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated CRC in a patient
with IBD have been established programs of endoscopic surveillance.
Keywords:
IBD, Calorectal cancer, Inflammatory bowel disease , Dysplasia, Endoscopy
