Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Παιδοδοντιατρική (Κλινικές Ειδικεύσεις)Βιβλιοθήκη Οδοντιατρικής
Author:
Παναγοπούλου Όλγα
Supervisors info:
Καββαδία Αικατερίνη, Ουλής Κωνσταντίνος, Παππαγιαννούλη Λίζα
Original Title:
Μελέτη καταγραφής οδοντιατρικών αναγκών παιδιών ηλικίας 12 ετών στην Ελλάδα
Summary:
Aim: To register the oral health status and treatment needs of 12 years old
Greek children participating in this Pan-Hellenic Pathfinder Survey, under
standardized criteria with calibrated examiners. Furthermore to investigate the
correlations of the findings with socio-demographic parameters and behavioral
factors.
Material and Methods: A stratified cluster sample of 1102 healthy Greek
children without fixed orthodontic appliances was randomly selected and
examined by calibrated examiners.
The study design included:
i. Socio-demographic data retrieved through from the school registers
and children.
ii. Completion of a structured questionnaire about the knowledge,
attitudes and behaviour related to oral health, through an interview
iii. Clinical examination, after parental written consent, with a dental
mirror and periodontal probe in the classroom, using all the asepsis and
antisepsis measures, to record:
a. dental caries (D3-6MFT - ICDAS II criteria)
b. oral hygiene and periodontal status estimated as mean of the
simplified
debris - DI-s, calculus- CI-s and community periodontal index - CPI
c. need for orthodontic treatment (modified Index of Orthodontic
Treatment
Need (IOTN))
d. dental trauma (modified Ellis classification)
Statistical analysis: Data were processed and analyzed with SPSS with the level
of statistical significance level set at < 0.05. Non parametric tests were
applied due to the non symmetric distribution of caries in the population.
After the descriptive data analysis, uni- and multi-variable regression models
were performed to investigate which of the socio-demographic and behavioral
factors are risk indicators and affect dental caries and periodontal status.
Results
Dental caries varied considerably between the different geographic
districts, with mean D3-6MFT=1.26 and ICDAS1+2 = 1.75. 28% of the sample were
caries free and sealants were recorded at 14.7% of the sample. Girls had higher
D3-6MFT than boys. Children living in rural areas demonstrated significantly
higher D3-6MFT, less sealants and low care index (CI), whereas children with
parents of higher educational level showed significantly lower D3-6MFT and
higher care index (CI).
The majority of the children had fair oral hygiene levels (DI-s=0.68).
The most frequently observed periodontal finding was calculus with or without
bleeding (46.8%). Bleeding on probing was found in 22.2% of the children.
Multivariable regression analysis revealed that gender and tooth brushing
frequency were strongly associated with oral hygiene status and periodontal
health. Only 42.5% of the children brush their teeth twice per day and 3% use
dental floss every day.
According to the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), 38.7% of
the children needed orthodontic treatment. Most of the children had Angle class
I relation (49.40%) following by Angle class II (41.40%). Posterior crossbite
was recorded at 9% of the sample.
Dental trauma prevalence was 9.6% and most frequently presents in
boys. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between
increased overjet (>3mm) and dental trauma.
Conclusions: An unequal distribution of dental caries was found regarding the
different geographical sampling areas in Greece. The mean D3-6MFT was found
lower than in the previous Pathfinder Survey. However a significant percentage
of children presented with unmet treatment needs. Also the low number of
sealants and the poor oral hygiene indicate that, concerning oral health, the
knowledge and attitude are inadequate. Taking into consideration the
socio-demographic and behavioral factors that affect the oral health status,
the need for oral health education and for more targeted preventive programs,
in order to have a high quality of life, is a major public health issue.
Acknowledgments: This coordinated epidemiological survey, conducted as part of
the National Program “Assessment and Promotion of the Oral Health of the
Hellenic Population” which was carried out under the auspices of the Hellenic
Dental Association and the coordination of Prof. Constantine Oulis, in
collaboration with the Dental Schools of Athens and Thessaloniki.
This Program was sponsored by a European grant.
Keywords:
Caries experience, Oral health status, Treatment needs, Adolescent, National survey
Number of references:
142
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