Supervisors info:
Ιωάννης Ιατρού, Καθηγητής κλινικής Στοματικής και Γναθοπροσωπικής Χειρουργικής, Οδοντιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Χριστόπουλος Παναγιώτης, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής κλινικής Στοματικής και Γναθοπροσωπικής Χειρουργικής, Οδοντιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Θεολόγη- Λυγιδάκη Κωνσταντίνα, Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια κλινικής Στοματικής και Γναθοπροσωπικής Χειρουργικής, Οδοντιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Summary:
The cornerstones of contemporary dental implantology were set only at 60s from the Swedish professor P.I. Branemark. The required time for osseontegration of an implant varies significantly depending on many factors such as the initial stability, the implant design, the local condition of the bone, the general metabolic condition of the patient. The improvement of the dental implant surfaces, the new titan alloys aiming to reduce the osseointegration time and to improve the healing, as well as the usage of short implants in order to avoid big reformative methods is the subject-matter of the bibliographic overview. For this reason, it is bibliographically examined, whether the usage of short implants, i.e. shorter than 8mm up to 4mm becomes now clinically accepted upon proper treatment of their surface.
Aim of this bibliographic overview is the investigation of the accessible to us international and Greek bibliography with regards to the importance of the implant surface treatments, and whether this results to positive outcomes towards the usage of short implants of 8mm.
Method: This bibliographic research is based on an e-search from Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Libray websites. The keywords used were: dental implants, roxolid, trabecular dental implants, ceramic implants, surface of dental implant.
Results: In the first chapter the definition of osseointegration and the biomaterials that are being used in modern implantology are being analysed.
In the second chapter all possible surface treatments of oral implants are being analyzed and there is also reference to their length and specifically to short implants.
In the third chapter, there is an argumentation on which surface shows highest and fastest osseointegration, and there is also an attempt through research to respective bibliography, to demonstrate whether there is correlation between the length and surface in view of the survival of an implant.
Conclusions:
1) The interest of the scientist is more and more being focused on the nanotechnology. However, implants that have already been mechanically treated (sandblasting or/and etching), and have then been also chemically modified by fluoride demonstrate the strongest connection between bone-implant , which leads to stronger osseointegration.
2) The current bibliography reveals that (TiZr) alloy show the best results with regards to the material aspect of the implant.
3) Biggest bone loss that leads to the emergence of periimplantitis is being shown in implants that have highest surface roughness.
4) Generally, the usage of proper short implants, as results also from bibliography, can compete the ones of longer length, as they seem to show similar percentages of success and survival.
Keywords:
Short dental implants, roxolid, trabecular dental implants, ceramic implants, surface of dental implant
