Opioid toxicity

Postgraduate Thesis uoadl:1453160 621 Read counter

Unit:
ΠΜΣ Καρδιοαναπνευστική Αναζωογόνηση
Library of the School of Health Sciences
Deposit date:
2017-04-20
Year:
2017
Author:
Kalogeris Aimilianos
Supervisors info:
Ευαγγελία Κουσκούνη, Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Εριφύλη Αργύρα, Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ,
Λίλα Παπαδημητρίου, Ομοτιμη καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Τοξικότητα Οπιοειδών
Languages:
Greek
Translated title:
Opioid toxicity
Summary:
ABSTRACT
Pain is one of the most complicated and difficult phenomenon to define. It is characterized as a symptom that decreases the quality of life and patients that suffer frequently reach for medical care in order to cope with it. Several compounds are used to cure a medical condition or a disease. These substances are characterized as medicines. Opium has been used for centuries as a mean of sedation and as a cure agent in several circumstances. Both opium and its derivatives are widely used in the clinical practice until today. Based on the origin of opioids and their biochemical behavior they are categorized in different groups. Some opioids are produced by the human body while others are chemically synthesized. Their action takes place via binding to specific receptors. Opioid receptors are distributed throughout the CNS and peripherally where they regulate pain of several organ systems. They are also categorised in goups and subgroups based on their localization and interaction with opioids. Depending on this interaction opioids can induce or inhibit the receptor activation and downstream signaling. According to these characteristics opioids are used in clinical practise as analgesics but in some cases they can cause side effects. In general opioids can cause tolerance, immunosuppression, hormonal deregulation and hyperalgesia. If there is opioid abuse they can induce analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression, cardiovascular dysfunction, miosis, hypothermia etc. The underline condition for every side effect related to pain is the opioid accumulation, it’s metabolism and finally its behavior as a toxic substance for human body.
Main subject category:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
Opiois, Opioid receptors, Central nervous system, Toxicity, Abuse
Index:
No
Number of index pages:
0
Contains images:
Yes
Number of references:
223
Number of pages:
59
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