Assessment of the knowledge of patients with cardiovascular disease and healthy individuals for the risk factors of cardiovascular disease

Postgraduate Thesis uoadl:1708137 477 Read counter

Unit:
ΠΜΣ Μονάδες Εντατικής Θεραπείας και Καρδιολογική Νοσηλευτική
Library of the School of Health Sciences
Deposit date:
2017-07-06
Year:
2017
Author:
Katsara Karla - Ioanna
Supervisors info:
Δημήτριος Τούσουλης, Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ (Επιβλέπων)
Κωνσταντίνος Τούτουζας ,Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Ελένη Κυρίτση, Καθηγήτρια, ΤΕΙ Αθήνας
Original Title:
Εκτίμηση των γνώσεων ασθενών με ιστορικό καρδιαγγειακής νόσου και ατόμων φαινομενικά υγιών για τους προδιαθεσικούς παράγοντες καρδιαγγειακής νόσου
Languages:
Greek
Translated title:
Assessment of the knowledge of patients with cardiovascular disease and healthy individuals for the risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Summary:
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide. It was estimated that in 2010 it caused 15.6 million deaths worldwide, accounting for 29.6% of all deaths. The majority of cardiovascular diseases are caused by risk factors that are either non-modifiable or can be controlled, treated or modified, such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity and diabetes. The predictive and preventive value of risk factors is largely related to the perception of the risk of cardiovascular disease on the part of the patient, so full and correct information and decision-making is deemed necessary Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide. It was estimated that in 2010 it caused 15.6 million deaths worldwide, accounting for 29.6% of all deaths. The majority of cardiovascular diseases are caused by risk factors that are either non-modifiable or can be controlled, treated or modified, such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity and diabetes. The predictive and preventive value of risk factors is largely related to the perception of the risk of cardiovascular disease on the part of the patient, so full and correct information and decision-making is deemed necessary
Methodology: The study sample consisted of 121 patients with a history of cardiovascular disease and 183 healthy subjects from the community and the control group. A questionnaire was used to collect the data, asking questions pertaining to perceptions about their cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle and nutrition factors. The statistical tests t-test and ANOVA were applied. The significance level of 5% was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyzes were performed with the SPSS version 21 statistical package.
Results: From the 304 individuals who participated in the study, 183 of them were the control sample of seemingly healthy, while 121 were hospitalized patients with a known history of cardiovascular disease. The 47.5% of the controls were males, while the equivalent rate of the patients was 66,1%. As regards the body mass index, 38.7% of the individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease had a body mass index of 25 kg / m2, 38.1% of them had a BMI of 25-30 kg / m2 and the 23.2%, had a BMI of> 30 kg / m2 while the equivalent rates for the patients were 22.3%, 48.8% and 28.9%. Non-smokers were the 65.6% of the healthy individuals and 70.2% of the patients. Of the control sample the 78.1% were free of hypertension while the equivalent rate for the patients was 33,9%. Out of the patients, 70.2% of them reported a history of coronary artery disease. Regarding the perception of the most important cause of death in both groups, 57.9% of the seemingly healthy individuals and 57.0% of cardiovascular patients agree that these are the cardiovascular diseases, followed by malignancies at 38.8% and 43.0%, respectively.
With regard to nutritional risks, male patients gave wrong answers compared to healthy males, p = 0.013. Among women from the healthy control sample and women who were hospitalized, more wrong answers were again given by the female patients concerning lifestyle and nutrition perception, p = 0.001 and p = 0.002. With regard to age and lifestyle perceptions, the age group 41 to 50 years old was most often wrong, p = 0.004. In the 51 to 70 age group, the greatest perceived error of lifestyle and eating habits was given by patients p = 0.008 and p = 0.013 respectively, while no statistically significant differences were found in any of the three parameters at the age of 71. In respect of the marital status, more ill-responsive lifestyle and nutrition habits were also more frequent in single patients p = 0.011 and p = 0.003, respectively. Patients without a history of hypertension experienced more wrong answers to the lifestyle and diet parameter compared to non-hypertensive healthy p = 0.002 and p <0.001 respectively, and no significant statistical differences were observed in the sample of the hypertensive group and of hospitalized patients p> 0.005. As for diabetes, non-diabetics from the patient group gave more wrong answers about lifestyle and dietary factors, p = 0.004 p <0.001 respectively. With regard to smoking, non-smoker patients gave more wrong lifestyle responses p = 0.045 and dietary knowledge p <0.001, while statistically significant differences in smokers were found in the lifestyle with more wrong answers given by patients p = 0.001.
Conclusion: The perceptions of patients with a history of cardiovascular associated with cardiovascular risk factors are inadequate and they seemed to know less than the healthy individuals. The emergence of low levels of compliance in the recommended medication and general measures is a serious problem in the clinical practice and has a significant economic impact. Successful efforts to improve patient compliance depend on a set of factors, with a complex and unclear effect, most of the time. However, patient-related factors, treatment, disease, socio-economic criteria, patient's treatment-related beliefs, and patient-doctor communication-communication seem to have a consistent impact on compliance.
Main subject category:
Cardiovascular diseases
Keywords:
Risk factors, Cardiovasular disease, Compliance
Index:
No
Number of index pages:
0
Contains images:
Yes
Number of references:
111
Number of pages:
92
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