The molecular and systematic responses after selected exercise protocols in healthy participants and patients with inflammatory myopathies.

Doctoral Dissertation uoadl:2777681 275 Read counter

Unit:
Τομέας Κλινικοεργαστηριακός
Library of the School of Health Sciences
Deposit date:
2018-07-10
Year:
2018
Author:
Dourida Maria
Dissertation committee:
1. Μ. Κουτσιλιέρης (Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
2. Χ. Κόνσουλας (Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
3. Π. Αγγελογιάννη (Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
4. Α. Φιλίππου (Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
5. Α. Χατζηγεωργίου (Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
6. Α. Αρμακόλας (Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
7. Μ. Σιμοπούλου (Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ)
Original Title:
Οι μοριακές και συστηματικές αποκρίσεις μετά από επιλεγμένα πρωτόκολλα άσκησης σε υγιείς μάρτυρες και σε ασθενείς με φλεγμονώδεις μυοπάθειες
Languages:
Greek
Translated title:
The molecular and systematic responses after selected exercise protocols in healthy participants and patients with inflammatory myopathies.
Summary:
Exercise is a stress stimulus for the human organism. The relationship between exercise characteristics (intensity and duration) and the hormonal responses that are triggered by exercise varies depending on the multiple factors that relate to the response regulation and the exercise protocol characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate aerobic exercise bout on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the GH/IGF-1 axis acute hormonal responses in healthy adult humans. METHODOLOGY: Twelve healthy volunteers, 8 males and 4 females (age: 30.6±4.4 yrs, body weight: 77.3±12.3 kg and height: 1.77±0.07 m) performed a single bout of a 30 min aerobic exercise at 70%VO2max on a treadmill, following standard diet. Blood samples were collected before (tπ), at the point when target heart rate was reached (t0), at the end of the exercise bout (t30) and 30 min after the completion of exercise (t60). Serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serum cortisol (COR ser), saliva cortisol (COR sal), aldosterone (ALDO) and renin (REN), insulin (INS), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), prolactin (PRL), as well as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at the aforementioned time points. The selected aerobic exercise protocol was also applied after dexamethasone administration aiming to cause inhibition of the HPA axis and after Synacthen administration aiming to cause HPA axis stimulation. The same hormones were measured for all three phases for the above time points. Statistical analysis was performed with non-parametric tests two-way ANOVA and One-way ANOVA. Pearson (r) correlation coefficient was applied. RESULTS: ACTH and COR ser decreased with exercise reaching statistical significance 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.05 and p<0.001 respectively). ALDO increased non-significantly at the end of exercise and remained increased 30΄ after the end of exercise. These changes
relate to raw data and were not statistically significant, however further analysis of percentage values when compared to tπ showed statistical significance. ALDO increased significantly at the end of exercise (p<0.001) and increased further 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.001). REN increased significantly at the end of exercise (p<0.05). INS decreased at the end of exercise reaching significant decrease 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.05). Further analysis of the percentage values showed that INS significantly decreased at the end of exercise too (p<0.05), when compared to tπ. GH significantly increased at the end of exercise (p<0.001), yet 30΄ after the end of exercise showed decrease without reaching pre-exercise levels (tπ). This decrease was significantly significant only when compared to t30 (p<0.001). IGF-1 and PRL did not change significantly. IL-6 increased non-significantly at the end of exercise and remained non-significantly raised. When percentage values were analyzed, in comparison to tπ, IL-6 significantly increased at the end of exercise (p<0.01) and remained increased 30΄ after the end of exercise. CRP decreased 30΄ after the end of exercise, without reaching statistical significance. Under inhibition conditions of the HPA axis (Phase B), ACTH and COR remained at low levels, as expected. When percentage values were analyzed for COR sal it was shown that COR sal increased significantly at the end of exercise (p<0.05) and 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.05). ALDO increased non-significantly at the end of exercise and decreased 30΄ after the end of exercise, reaching statistical significance 30΄ after the end of exercise in comparison to t30 (p<0.05). INS significantly decreased at the end of exercise (p<0.05) and further decreased 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.05). GH significantly increased at the end of exercise (p<0.001), while 30΄ after the end of exercise decreased significantly without reaching pre-exercise levels (p<0.001). IGF-1 remained unchanged at the end of exercise. PRL significantly increased at the end
of exercise (p<0.05) and then it decreased without reaching pre-exercise levels. IL-6 increased significantly at the end of exercise (p<0.05) and further increased 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.001). When percentage values were analyzed, in comparison to tπ, IL-6 showed significant increase at the end of exercise (p<0.01) as well as 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.01). IL-6 showed significant increase 30΄ after the end of exercise, in comparison to t30 (p<0.01). CRP did not demonstrate differences. Under stimulation conditions of the HPA axis COR ser and COR sal significantly increased as it was expected at the end of exercise (p<0.001) and 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.001). COR sal, significantly increased at the end of exercise (p<0.001) and 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.001). ALDO significantly increased at the end of exercise (p<0.05). Further analysis of percentage values showed that ALDO remained significantly increased 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.01). INS significantly decreased 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.05). GH significantly increased at the end of exercise (p<0.001) while 30΄ after the end of exercise it decreased significantly without reaching pre-exercise levels (p<0.001). IGF-1 remained unchanged at end of exercise. PRL showed a significant increase at the end of exercise (p<0.01) only after analysis of the percentage values. IL-6 increased at the end of exercise reaching statistical significance 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.01). When percentage values changes were analyzed, in comparison to tπ, IL-6 showed significant increase at the end of exercise (p<0.001) as well as 30΄ after the end of exercise (p<0.05). IL-6 showed significant increase 30΄ after the end of exercise in comparison to t30 (p<0.01). CRP did not change with exercise. DISCUSSION: DISCUSSION: The main findings of the current study were that ACTH and COR decreased whereas ALDO and REN increased after the selected aerobic exercise bout. The selected aerobic protocol increased GH and decreased COR. Dexamethasone
administration did not affect the GH response to exercise. Also, the fact that GH increased while COR ser decreased may suggest that there is a positive (anabolic) exercise-induced outcome for healthy and possibly diseased population. GH response to exercise decreased under HPA axis inhibition conditions. Under HPA axis stimulation conditions, GH response increased. Exercise did not seem to change the physiological response of COR. GH responses were not affected by the HPA axis. These findings suggest that the exercise regimen used in this study had beneficial effects on the stress axis, implying that specific exercise protocols can be characterised by mild physiological stress-inducing effects, hence be prescribed for special diseased populations.
Keywords:
Aerobic exercise, HPA axis, Hormonal responses, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Cortisol, Growth hormone, Aldosterone, Renin, Insulin, Interleukin-6, Insulin-like growth factor-1, C-reactive protein, Stress
Index:
No
Number of index pages:
0
Contains images:
Yes
Number of references:
108
Number of pages:
114
File:
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