The impact of deafness on the development of Expressive Language by the use of hearing aids and cochlear implants

Postgraduate Thesis uoadl:2896853 209 Read counter

Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Ακοολογία–Νευροωτολογία
Library of the School of Health Sciences
Deposit date:
2020-02-07
Year:
2020
Author:
Patsaouras Stavros
Supervisors info:
Θωμάς Νικολόπουλος, Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ, Επιβλέπων
Παύλος Μαραγκουδάκης, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Αλέξανδρος Δελίδης, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Η επίδραση της κώφωσης στην ανάπτυξη του Προφορικού Λόγου με τη χρήση ακουστικών βαρηκοΐας και κοχλιακών εμφυτευμάτων
Languages:
English
Greek
Translated title:
The impact of deafness on the development of Expressive Language by the use of hearing aids and cochlear implants
Summary:
Introduction: Deaf children often seem to have lacking skills of Language even after their hearing rehabilitation, through the use of hearing aids or cochlear implants. The difficulties have multiple levels and affect the child in a negative way throughout his/her everyday life, his/her use of Language, throughout his/her relationship with other people and his/her future academic life. This specific bachelor’s thesis is going to attempt to reveal the skills of Language that get affected by the effect of hearing loss.

Methodology: This bachelor’s thesis is part of a systematic review of the international bibliography, using 12 surveys. The search of the biliographical resources for this thesis was completed through the search of articles using the internet based data Medline, Google Scholar as well as the search of the National Center of Documentation. The basic terms of search that were used in the searching tools, included the following words or/and phrases:
“effect = affect, result”, “deafness= total loss of hearing, total absence of hearing”, “development = evolution, progress, increase, progress»” and “Language = expressive language, verbal language “.

Results: The results in their total focus on a diverse set of skills of Language that were presented as defected, as a consequence of loss of hearing. The results that derived from the review of the modern international bibliography portrayed that despite the hearing rehabilitation of deaf people, the Language deficits continued to be in quite a few cases existing or a certain Language set of skills were found to be on the lowest grade of the spectrum of normal hearing, compared to people that had normal hearing. What seems to be interesting is the findings that were concluded from the comparisons of results of the children, regarding the methods of hearing rehabilitation that were chosen, the early or delayed rehabilitation, as well as the effect of the time that means of rehabilitation were used in relation to the improvement of Language skills. The early hearing rehabilitation, mainly by the use of cochlear implants, as well as the longer use of the means of rehabilitation, seemed to have a positive effect in the development of Language skills. Finally, what is interesting is the cohesion of the results regarding the intercultural features that were presented in each survey, which was included in the present bachelor’s thesis. Overall, the results showed the effect of deafness had a greater impact on Expressive Language, on Sentence Formation, on Syntax, on Phonology and Morphology.

Discussion: What was attempted in this discussion was to point out the common topics and differences of the surveys that were used in the bibliographical review. What was fundamentally important and was significantly used for the study of the surveys that were included, was the number of the sample, the gender of the participants (when that was mentioned by the researchers, the ages of the participants of every survey, the use of hearing rehabilitation means, or the existence of other aggravating factors/ disorders, the tools of the evaluation method that were used in each survey, the sections of Language that were evaluated/ tested and the main findings the researchers set down. There were samples ranging from 17 to 451 participants in the number of participants in the research processes. The use of cochlear implant seemed to be the rehabilitation tool used by most participants, while the presence of aggravating factors had an additional negative impact on participant’s Language Skills when coexisting with deafness. Amongst the studies, a great variety of evaluation tools were used, with CELF and PLS – 4 tests enjoying the highest confidence of researchers. Overall, Oral Language Skills appeared to spark the interest of most of the research included in literature review, with the effect of deafness, after audiological rehabilitation, being more pronounced in Expressive Language, in Sentence Formation, Syntax, Phonology and Morphology.

Conclusions: The conclusions that result from the present bibliographical review, focus on the diversity that was noted in the total of the sections that were analyzed. Among the surveys there seemed to be diverse sizes of samples ages of the participants, use of different evaluation tools, as well as diversity of the Language Skills that were evaluated. At the same time, our literature review has led us to conclude that early cochlear implantation and early acquisition of Language Skills are important, respectively, for the acquisition and progressive growth of Expressive Language Skills of children with deafness. In addition, the use of cochlear implant predominated the use of acoustic hearing aid in the population of deaf individuals and also the use of cochlear implant was more effective for the population examined. In addition, the presence of comorbidities, along with deafness, made Language Skills of children with deafness even worse. Finally, the conclusions drawn with regard to the evaluative tests used in the studies included in this review showed that Expressive Language was the most frequently assessed skill and its skill along with Sentence Formation, Syntax, Phonology and Morphology has been shown, according to researchers, to have the greatest impact from the presence of deafness on children using a cochlear implant or hearing aid. It is considered important to conduct research in the Greek population and to draw conclusions regarding gender involvement in the development of Expressive Language Skills in children with deafness who are users of cochlear implant and hearing aid.
Main subject category:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
Deafness, Language skills, Bibliographical review, Hearing rehabilitation, Development, Expressive Language
Index:
Yes
Number of index pages:
1
Contains images:
No
Number of references:
38
Number of pages:
56
Διπλωματική Εργασία Σταύρου Πατσαούρα - Η επίδραση της κώφωσης στην ανάπτυξη του Προφορικού Λόγου -MSc στην Ακοολογία-Νευροωτολογία.pdf (625 KB) Open in new window