UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) applications in quarry design and modeling

Postgraduate Thesis uoadl:2920018 217 Read counter

Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Στρατηγικές Διαχείρισης Περιβάλλοντος - Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση
Library of the School of Science
Deposit date:
2020-07-19
Year:
2020
Author:
El-Ajouz Konstantinos-Zouher
Supervisors info:
Σταυροπούλου Μαρία, Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια, Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Σκούρτσος Εμμανουήλ, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Σούκης Κωνσταντίνος, ΕΔΙΠ, Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Original Title:
Εφαρμογές των ΣμηΕΑ στο σχεδιασμό και τη μοντελοποίηση λατομείων μαρμάρου
Languages:
Greek
Translated title:
UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) applications in quarry design and modeling
Summary:
Marble mining and exploitation are processes that have occupied mankind for thousands of years. Nowadays, modern mining companies compete with each other by using new and innovative methods of extraction and processing in order to claim the largest market share and achieve the highest possible profit. In the present thesis, a new method of quarry modeling is applied and described, which contributes to accurate tectonic analysis of the discontinuities of the marble deposit in order to properly design and organize the quarry layout in order to achieve optimal utilization of the deposit.
This method is based on the use of a UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) with the help of which flights were made over the area of interest and 1529 photos of the site were taken. These photos were then imported into a photogrammetry software (Pix4D) that generated a 3D digital model of the quarry, as well as other auxiliary files such as the digital surface model (DSM), the orthomossaic and the digital elevation model (DEM), which also contributed to the next stage which was the processing stage.
During the processing stage, the digitization of the visable tectonic elements onto the three-dimensional model took place. The traces of the tectonic discontinuities on the surface of the relief were digitized as linear elements, while in the places where the trace of a tectonic discontinuity defined a plane, it was digitized as a surface. A total of 344 linear elements were digitized while the digitization of the surfaces was performed in two stages. During the first stage, all the visible surfaces (163 surfaces) were digitized, regardless of their size, throughout and around the mining area for the purpose of statistical analysis of the tectonic elements in the area, while during the second stage the main large-scale discontinuities that passed through the mining site were digitized (37 surfaces), in order to be processed into CAD software by engineers working on the project.
For the purpose of finding the tectonic data of the digitized surfaces, the software ArcMap was used in which the surfaces were imported as shapefile (.shp) files and after further processing, the dip and dip direction values were measured for the 163 surfaces, while for the other 37 large scale discontinuities it was also necessary to find the spatial coordinates x, y and z of a point on their surface for their correct placement in space.
After the tectonic data of the 163 surfaces were recorded in an Excel file, they were imported in addition with the linear elements in the software RockWorks, from which the rose diagrams and stereographic projections of the tectonic elements of the area were produced, thus pointing out the main discontinuity groups. Finally, based on these groups and with the help of the software UnWedge, a kinematic wedge analysis was carried out, as well as a study of slope stability throughout the quarry using the software Swedge.
Based on this low-cost method of analysis, the results that were produced were much more accurate than those of the initial studies conducted in the area, and contributed directly to the design of the quarry since the exploitation company, based on these results, changed the orientation of the underground tunnels by 6 degrees clockwise for optimal extraction of the deposit.
The quarry used for the application of the method is located on Falakro Mountain in East Macedonia, Northwest of the city of Drama, from which the dolomite marble of Mount Falakro is mined.
Main subject category:
Science
Keywords:
UAS, marble quarry, 3D modeling, marble extraction, tectonic analysis
Index:
Yes
Number of index pages:
1
Contains images:
Yes
Number of references:
40
Number of pages:
74
Διπλωματική - Ελ Αζούζ Κωνσταντίνος.pdf (10 MB) Open in new window