The effect of exercise on type 1 diabetes

Postgraduate Thesis uoadl:2937269 136 Read counter

Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Θεραπευτική-Ιαματική Άσκηση
Library of the School of Health Sciences
Deposit date:
2021-03-02
Year:
2021
Author:
Zacharodimos Nikolaos
Supervisors info:
Αναστάσιος Φιλίππου (επιβλέπων) , Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής Πειραματικής Φυσιολογίας, ΕΚΠΑ
Μιχάλης Κουτσιλιέρης, Καθηγητής Πειραματικής Φυσιολογίας , ΕΚΠΑ
Κώστας Χρυσανθόπουλος, ΕΕΠ, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Η επίδραση της άσκησης στο σακχαρώδη διαβήτη τύπου 1
Languages:
Greek
Translated title:
The effect of exercise on type 1 diabetes
Summary:
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of physical exercise on health parameters in patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methodology. There has been a systematic review of literature on the effect of different types of physical exercise, i.e., High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT), Strength Training (ST), Aerobic Exercise (AEΤ), Anaerobic Exercise (AnET) and Stretching (S) οn specific health indicators such as Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Maximum Oxygen Intake (VO2max), Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP ), Body Weight (BW ), Body Mass Index (BMI), % Body Fat (BFP) and Fat Free Mass (FFM). The archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature PubMed was used for searching the scientific literature in the period of time between 1980 and 2020. From the total of 17,486 articles, 237 were initially collected, out of which 31 articles were finally selected that met the inclusion criteria that had been set.
Results. The studies included in this review involved 370 adult patients with diabetes mellitus (143 women & 227 men) with a mean age of 32.7 years, as well as 904 children/adolescents (467 girls & 429 boys) with a mean age of 14.35 years. The most common types of exercise used in those studies were AET (40.5%), the combination of AET and ST (13.5%), as well as HIIT (10.8%) in adults only. The average duration of the exercise programs was 12.47 weeks for adults and 15.9 weeks for children/adolescents, with a frequency of 3.41 and 2.45 sessions per week, respectively. The effects of exercise programs on most of the examined indicators were beneficial for the patients. Specifically, adult type 1 diabetics achieved a decrease in HbA1c in 8 out of 11 (8/11) studies (EG), an increase in VO2max in 15/15, a decrease in TC in 14/16, a decrease in LDL to 7/10, a decrease in TG in 9/15, reduction of SBP in 6/7, decrease of DBP in 5/8 studies, while a negative effect was reported in FFM showing a decrease in 5/6 studies. The results regarding the other indicators were contradictory, i.e., there was a decrease in HDL in 7/14 studies, a decrease in BW in 6/11, a decrease in BMI in 3/6, and a decrease in BFP in 2/4. Regarding the juvenile type 1 diabetics, there was a decrease in HbA1c in 12/16 studies, increase in VO2max in 7/9, decrease in TC in 6/7, decrease in TG in 7/10, decrease in LDL in 6/9, and reduction of DBP in 3/3 studies. Conflicting results were reported in the other evaluation parameters where there was an increase in HDL in 5/10 studies, decrease in SBP in 2/4, increase in BW in 5/9, decrease in BMI in 3/7, an increase or decrease or no change of BFP in 1/3 studies, respectively, and an increase of FFM in 3/5 studies.
Conclusions. This systematic review shows that people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, regardless of age, who participate in exercise programs, improve their cardiovascular and respiratory capacity and physical fitness, achieve a good management of the disease (diabetes), reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease, and improve their overall health status and quality of life.
Main subject category:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Exercise, High intensity interval training, Aerobic exercise, Resistance exercise
Index:
No
Number of index pages:
0
Contains images:
Yes
Number of references:
110
Number of pages:
84
Η ΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΑΣΚΗΣΗΣ ΣΤΟ ΣΑΚΧΑΡΩΔΗ ΔΙΑΒΗΤΗ ΤΥΠΟΥ 1pdf.pdf (1 MB) Open in new window