Unit:
Department of PharmacyLibrary of the School of Science
Author:
Iliou Konstantina
Dissertation committee:
Αναστασία Δέτση, Καθηγήτρια, Σχολή Χημικών Μηχανικών, Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο
Σπυρίδων Ζηνέλης, Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Οδοντιατρικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Ευσταθία Ιωάννου, Αναπλ. Καθηγήτρια, Τμήμα Φαρμακευτικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο
Αθηνών
Ιωάννης Καρούσης, Αναπλ. Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Οδοντιατρικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο
Αθηνών
Ευθυμία Κιτράκη, Καθηγήτρια, Τμήμα Οδοντιατρικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Βασίλειος Ρούσσης, Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Φαρμακευτικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Όλγα Τζάκου, Καθηγήτρια, Τμήμα Φαρμακευτικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο
Αθηνών
Original Title:
Απομόνωση και τροποποίηση βιοπολυμερών θαλάσσιας προέλευσης και ανάπτυξη ικριωμάτων από μικρο-/νανοΐνες για τη θεραπεία της περιοδοντίτιδας.
Translated title:
Isolation and modification of marine biopolymers and development of micro-/nanofibrous scaffolds for the treatment of periodontitis.
Summary:
In the framework of the present PhD thesis carrageenans and fucoidans were isolated from various specimens of the red alga Chondracanthus teedei and the brown alga Cystoseira barbata, respectively, using different extraction methods. Τhe isolated marine sulfated polysaccharides were characterized based on the analysis of their spectroscopic data using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Additionally, the sulfate content of the isolated polysaccharides was determined using the turbidimetric method and the mean molecular weight was estimated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Moreover, the viscosity of the isolated carrageenans was determined, whereas the thermal properties of the polysaccharides were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In addition, the effect of high-power ultrasound on the molecular weight and sulfate content of the polysaccharides was investigated.
Subsequently, bi- and tri-layer nanofibrous membranes composed of calcium or sodium carrageenans, as well as of other biodegradable polymers of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature, such as calcium salt of poly(L-glutamic acid), polyethylene oxide and polycaprolactone, were successfully prepared so as to act as guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) membranes for the treatment of periodontitis.
The fibrous structure of the fabricated membranes was analyzed using scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), their thermal stability was determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and their mechanical properties were evaluated. The study of the degradation rate of the membranes revealed that all membranes remained stable for up to 28 days of incubation at 37 °C in a simulated saliva solution, while exhibiting a sustained release of calcium ions for at least three weeks, demonstrating their potential to act as a constant source of calcium ions for the promotion of the osteoblasts’ growth and bone regeneration. The ability of all membranes to promote the regeneration of the periodontal tissue was confirmed in vitro using human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Finally, antimicrobial agents were successfully incorporated into the nanofibrous membranes and the drug release profile of the membranes was determined.
The present study demonstrates the potential of the designed membranes based on calcium salts of carrageenans to serve as guided tissue/bone regeneration membranes for the treatment of periodontitis.
Main subject category:
Science
Other subject categories:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
marine biopolymers, sulfated polysaccharides, carrageenan, ulvan, fucoidan, high-power ultrasound, electrospinning, nanofibers, periodontitis, guided tissue/bone regeneration membranes
Number of references:
150
