Περίληψη:
Incidence rates of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (TC) have increased
in many countries. Adiposity and dietary risk factors may play a role,
but little is known on the influence of energy intake and macronutrient
composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations
between TC and the intake of energy, macronutrients, glycemic index (GI)
and glycemic load in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer
and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The study included 477,274 middle-age
participants (70.2% women) from ten European countries. Dietary data
were collected using country-specific validated dietary questionnaires.
Total carbohydrates, proteins, fats, saturated, monounsaturated and
polyunsaturated fats (PUFA), starch, sugar, and fiber were computed as
g/1,000 kcal. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate
multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval
(CI) by intake quartile (Q). After a mean follow-up time of 11 years,
differentiated TC was diagnosed in 556 participants (90% women).
Overall, we found significant associations only with total energy
(HRQ4vs.Q1, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.00-1.68) and PUFA intakes (HRQ4vs.Q1, 0.74;
95% CI, 0.57-0.95). However, the associations with starch and sugar
intake and GI were significantly heterogeneous across body mass index
(BMI) groups, i.e., positive associations with starch and GI were found
in participants with a BMI25 and with sugar intake in those with BMI<25.
Moreover, inverse associations with starch and GI were observed in
subjects with BMI<25. In conclusion, our results suggest that high total
energy and low PUFA intakes may increase the risk of differentiated TC.
Positive associations with starch intake and GI in participants with
BMI25 suggest that those persons may have a greater insulin response to
high starch intake and GI than lean people.
What’s New? The role of lifestyle factors in the growing numbers of
thyroid cancer remains unclear. Here, the authors uncover associations
with high total energy intake and low consumption of polyunsaturated
fatty acids in a large European cohort (EPIC). They further find
positive associations with starch intake and glycemic index only in
people with a body mass index equal or larger than 25, possibly
implicating an altered insulin response in the etiology of this cancer.
Συγγραφείς:
Zamora-Ros, Raul
Rinaldi, Sabina
Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. and
Weiderpass, Elisabete
Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine and
Rostgaard-Hansen, Agnetha Linn
Tjonneland, Anne
Clavel-Chapelon,
Francoise
Mesrine, Sylvie
Katzke, Verena A.
Kuehn, Tilman
and Foerster, Jana
Boeing, Heiner
Trichopoulou, Antonia and
Lagiou, Pagona
Klinaki, Eleni
Masala, Giovanna
Sieri, Sabina
and Ricceri, Fulvio
Tumino, Rosario
Mattiello, Amalia and
Peeters, Petra H. M.
Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as)
Engeset, Dagrun
and Skeie, Guri
Argueelles, Marcial
Agudo, Antonio
Sanchez,
Maria-Jose
Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
Barricarte, Aurelio and
Chamosa, Saioa
Almquist, Martin
Tosovic, Ada
Hennings,
Joakim
Sandstrom, Maria
Schmidt, Julie A.
Khaw, Kay-Thee and
Wareham, Nicholas J.
Cross, Amanda J.
Slimani, Nadia
Byrnes,
Graham
Romieu, Isabelle
Riboli, Elio
Franceschi, Silvia
