Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Ιατρική Φυσική-ΑκτινοφυσικήLibrary of the School of Health Sciences
Author:
Mavragani Ifigeneia
Supervisors info:
Αλέξανδρος Γ. Γεωργακίλας (Επιβλέπων Καθηγητής), Επίκουρος Καθηγητής - Τομέας Φυσικής Ε.Μ.Π., alexg@mail.ntua.gr
Παντελής Καραΐσκος, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής - Εργαστήριο Ιατρικής Φυσικής E.Κ.Π.Α.
George Kalantzis, Assistant Professor of Medical Physics - Florida Atlantic University
Original Title:
Theoretical calculations of clustered DNA damage in tissues for radiotherapy applications
Translated title:
Theoretical calculations of clustered DNA damage in tissues for radiotherapy applications
Summary:
Nowadays, a great number of cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy (RT) and achieve long-term tumor control mainly by the use of it. The recent literature from the field of clinical oncology and RT still does not clarify the level of DNA damage after radiation treatment, which is essential for understanding the mechanism(s) of radiation oncogenesis. The majority of experimental techniques used to detect radiation induced DNA damage provide very little information about the precise number of lesions. Instead, the use of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations gives detailed information about the spectrum of DNA damage configurations induced by ionizing radiation. This thesis attempts to evaluate the primary DNA damage induced in cancer patients’ cells following RT. Dose data taken from a prostate cancer treatment plan were used as an input to a validated microdosimetric fast MC code, Monte Carlo Damage Simulation (MCDS), to quantify the expected levels of the major types of clustered DNA damage in prostate and adjacent organs and relate them to survival. The probabilities of tumor control (TCP) and normal tissue complication (NTCP) were also calculated using an Equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD) - based mathematical model, with parameters - sets taken from published data. Additionally, preliminary results from the radiation track structure code RITRACKS, indicating the distribution of lesions in a chromatin fiber, were demonstrated. The main conclusions of the thesis are pointing to the importance of radiobiology for the future development of RT and the necessity for estimation of clustered DNA damage after RT, aiming for effectiveness of treatment and reduction of secondary cancer risk.
Main subject category:
Science
Keywords:
Radiation therapy, Radiobiology, DNA DSBs, Clustered DNA damage, MCDS code, Systemic effect
Number of references:
128
File:
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MScThesis_IfigeneiaMavragani_2016.pdf
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File access is restricted only to the intranet of UoA.
