Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Διδακτική και Μεθοδολογία των ΜαθηματικώνLibrary of the School of Science
Supervisors info:
Χριστοπούλου Δήμητρα, Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια Μαθηματικού Τμήματος Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών , ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Λογικές Πλάνες στο Πλαίσιο της Άτυπης Λογικής
Translated title:
Logical Fallacies in Informal Logic
Summary:
Argumentation ought to avoid logical fallacies so that our dialogues, conflicts and support of various assertions in social discussion can be characterized as rational. Firstly, we take under consideration the case of deductive reasoning. Some arguments fail to be deductive but this is not very obvious. However, formal logic provides certain technical methods by which we can find out which argumentation forms are logically valid and which are invalid. We show examples of such methodology in the first chapter. Then we focus attention on the case of informal logic/informal argumentation which investigates many cases of arguments in every-day dialogues, politics and media. Many kinds of informal fallacies have been found and entered on a list. We mention a number of well-known informal fallacies and discuss the most important of them in the second and the third chapter. In the fourth chapter, we distinguish the notion of validity from the notion of persuasiveness and investigate the meaning of the term “informal”. Then we present various ways the antecedents of arguments are related to the conclusions. Particularly, we take in account informal criteria of evaluation of argumentation according to which arguments are taken to succeed.
Main subject category:
Science
Keywords:
logical fallacies, informal logic, formal logic, argumentation , validity
