Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Βιομηχανική ΦαρμακευτικήLibrary of the School of Science
Supervisors info:
Χρήστος Ρέππας, Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Φαρμακευτικής, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Original Title:
Φυσιολογικοί παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την απορρόφηση per os χορηγούμενων φαρμάκων: Το περιβάλλον στον κατώτερο εντερικό αυλό υπερηλίκων και ο φραγμός του γαστρεντερικού επιθηλίου κιρρωτικών ασθενών
Translated title:
The impact of physiological parameters on the absorption of per os formulations: The environment of the lower intestine of the elderly and the barrier of the gastrointestinal epithelium of cirrhotic patients
Summary:
Two were the objectives of this study:
First to complete the physicochemical characterization of the contents of the terminal ileum and cecum in the fasted and in the fed state, of 8 healthy elderly in a two-phase clinical study on a crossover basis. The total volume, pH, buffer capacity, % aqueous portion, osmolality, concentration of bile salts, concentration of short chain fatty acids and concentration of lipids were determined. Statistical analysis of the results of this study when compared to a similar study in healthy adults (Reppas et al., 2015) shows that there is higher osmolality in the fasted state of the terminal ileum. In the fed state of the terminal ileum of the elderly there is lower pH and higher concentration of total short chain fatty acids. Regardless of the dosing conditions, there is lower total volume in the terminal ileum of the elderly. In the fasted state of the cecum of the elderly there is lower pH, lower % aqueous portion and higher osmolality when compared to the results from the clinical study of the adults (Reppas et al., 2015). The same comparison in the fed state of the cecum shows higher total concentration of free fatty acids and lecithin. Regardless of the dosing conditions, in the cecum of the elderly there is higher buffer capacity and higher total concentration of short chain fatty acids and cholesterol.
The second objective was the investigation of the impact of the administration of propranolol on the upper gastrointestinal permeability of cirrhotic patients in two two-phase clinical studies on a crossover basis. This investigation was evaluated by the quantification of sucrose, mannitol, lactulose and D-xylose in urine samples after their per os administration in 25 cirrhotic patients (ma/la/su) and in 35 cirrhotic patients (D-xyl) before (Phase I) and after (Phase II) the initiation of propranolol therapy. According to the present study, propranolol seems to have an impact on the tightening of the junctions of the small lumen of cirrhotic patients.
Main subject category:
Science
Other subject categories:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
human cecum, human ileum, fasted state, fed state, luminal composition, liver cirrhosis
