Unit:
ΠΜΣ Νεοπλασματική Νόσος στον Άνθρωπο: Σύγχρονη Κλινικοπαθολογοανατομική Προσέγγιση και ΈρευναLibrary of the School of Health Sciences
Author:
Pliakou Evangelia
Supervisors info:
Νόννη Αφροδίτη, Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική ΕΚΠΑ
Καραμούζης Μιχαήλ, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική ΕΚΠΑ
Κοντός Μιχαήλ, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Ιατρική ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Ανοσοθεραπεία στον Τριπλά Αρνητικό Καρκίνο του Μαστού
Translated title:
Immunotherapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Summary:
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive clinical phenotype characterized by lack of expression (or minimal expression) of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) as well as the absence of human epidermal growth factor receptor–2 (HER2) overexpression. It shows substantial overlap with basal-type and it is usually characterized by a high degree of malignancy, a high rate of relapses, distant metastases, and generally poor prognosis. In recent years, efforts have been made to apply immunotherapy to this type of breast cancer. The present study describes some of the factors studied at preclinical and clinical level and belong to the types of active, passive and inductive immunotherapy. The blockade of immune checkpoints is considered as a critical part of cancer immunotherapy and there are many molecules such as anti-PD-1 antibodies (nivolumab and pembrolizumab), and anti- PD-L1 antibodies (atezolizumab, avelumab and durvalumab) given as either monotherapy or in various combinations that seem promising. However, TNBC remains one of the few neoplastic forms with an inadequate response to immunotherapy, which may be due, among other things, to the circumvention of the immunological monitoring that it displays. Its systemic treatment options are currently limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy, but there is an ongoing attempt to better understand the interactions between TNBC and the immune system with the ultimate goal of developing immunological agents that will provide new and promising therapeutic options for this type of breast cancer.
Main subject category:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
Immunotherapy, Breast Cancer, Triple negative Breast Cancer, Immune Checkpoints
Number of references:
133
