Unit:
Τομέας ΠαθολογίαςLibrary of the School of Health Sciences
Author:
Linardatou Vasiliki
Dissertation committee:
Σεραφείμ Νανάς, Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Αναστασία Κοτανίδου, Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Ιωάννης Βασιλειάδης, Επ. Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Νικολέτα Ροβίνα, Επ. Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Αναστάσιος Φιλίππου, Επ. Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Παρασκευή Κατσαούνου, Επ. Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Θεόδωρος Πιτταράς, Επ. Καθηγητής, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Οξείες επιδράσεις του παθητικού καπνίσματος στην μικροκυκλοφορία των σκελετικών μυών
Translated title:
Acute effects of passive smoking on skeletal muscle microcirculation
Summary:
Introduction: The effects of cigarette smoking exposure on vascular health, particularly related to incidents of cardiovascular events, are well established. Cigarette smoke is responsible for preventable deaths worldwide. The negative effects of passive smoking exposure on the cardiovascular system are notably similar in significance to those caused by active smoking. Cigarette smoking is associated with acute alterations in microcirculation which include reduced blood flow and alterations of inflammatory markers. The acute effects of passive smoking on microcirculation have not been sufficiently studied. The primary aim of the present study was to detect microcirculatory alterations in healthy non-smokers after passive exposure to cigarette smoke, utilizing the Near Infrared Spectroscopy method combined with the vascular occlusion technique. Also, a secondary aim was to assess the effects of passive smoking on cytokines production.
Methods: Sixteen (9 females) non-smoking, healthy volunteers, age 34±9 years, were exposed to passive smoking for 30 min. All participants were not regularly exposed to an environment polluted by cigarette smoke. Exclusion criteria were also black skin, body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2, history of respiratory and/or cardiovascular disease and anemia. Measurements were made in smoke-free, temperature-controlled (21 to 22 °C) environment before and after exposure to passive smoking. Smoke concentration was monitored with a real-time particle counter. Microcirculatory parameters were measured with NIRS combined with VOT. The optode of NIRS was placed on the thenar muscle. A pneumatic cuff was placed above the elbow and was rapidly inflated (to 50 mmHg above each individual’s systolic blood pressure) to induce arteriovenous occlusion for 3 min. After the occlusion and the transient ischemia, the cuff was quickly deflated. The following microcirculatory parameters were estimated: baseline tissue oxygen saturation (StO2); StO2 decrement after vascular occlusion (indicating the oxygen consumption rate); StO2 incremental response after vascular occlusion release (reperfusion rate); the time period where the StO2 signal returns to the baseline values after the hyperemic response.
Results: Baseline StO2 (79.6±6.4 vs. 79±8%, p=0.53) as well as the time needed for StO2 to return to baseline levels (138.2±26.5 vs. 142.1±34.6 sec, p=0.64) did not significantly differ before vs. after passive smoking exposure. Oxygen consumption rate decreased after 30 min exposure to passive smoking (from 12.8±4.2 to11.3±2.8 %/min, p=0.04); Reperfusion rate also significantly decreased (from 5.6±1.8 to 5±1.7 %/sec, p=0.04). There were no significant differences for cytokines and CRP.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that acute exposure to passive smoking delays peripheral tissue oxygen consumption and adversely affects microcirculatory responsiveness after stagnant ischemia in healthy non-smokers. Also, 30 min of passive smoking exposure appears to be too short to elicit a significant inflammatory response.
Main subject category:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
Microcirculation; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Passive smoking; Vascular reactivity; Endothelium dysfunction, Cytokine.
Number of references:
131
