Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Φιλοσοφία των Επιστημών και της ΤεχνολογίαςLibrary of the School of Science
Author:
Skylaris Panteleimon
Supervisors info:
Κωνσταντίνος Δημητρακόπουλος, Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Ι.Φ.Ε., Σχολή Θετικών Επιστημών, Ε.Κ.Π.Α.
Αριστείδης Μπαλτάς, Ομότιμος Καθηγητής, Τομέας Α.Κ.Ε.Δ., Σ.Ε.Μ.Φ.Ε., Ε.Μ.Π.
Θοδωρής Δημητράκος, Μεταδιδακτορικός Υπότροφος, Τμήμα Ι.Φ.Ε., Σχολή Θετικών Επιστημών, Ε.Κ.Π.Α.
Original Title:
Η Φιλοσοφία Μαθηματικών του Jean Cavaillès
Translated title:
Jean Cavaillès' Philosophy of Mathematics
Summary:
The set theory paradoxes that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries caused a crisis in the foundations of mathematics which had multiple consequences that lasted for years. The problem of the crisis of the foundations was what occupied the French philosopher of mathematics Jean Cavaillès during the interwar period. Influenced greatly by Spinoza, Cavaillès rejected the philosophies of consciousness or of the subject that were in power at the time, with Husserl's phenomenology as the main exponent, as unsuitable to provide a philosophy of mathematics capable of explaining them and their developments in a satisfying manner. He proposed instead a philosophy based on the concepts that interact and change within mathematical becoming and an ontology of mathematical objects derived from it. This adherence to Spinoza philosophy and the treatment of foundation problems by analyzing mathematical structures, make Cavaillès one of the forerunners of French structuralism, which has made its presence felt since the 1960s. This work provides an introductory presentation of Cavaillès' positions, after first examining the philosophical context in which they developed, and then shows the influence that Cavaillès had on the French philosophical thought of the second half of the 20th century, on the emergence of modern Spinozism and on its conflict with phenomenology and existentialism.
Main subject category:
Science
Other subject categories:
Philosophy - Psychology
Keywords:
Cavaillès, spinozism, phenomenology, structuralism, mathematics
