Supervisors info:
Ζαφείρης Χρήστος, Επιστημονικός Συνεργάτης, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Χρονόπουλος Ευστάθιος, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Τσολάκης Απόστολος, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Οδοντιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Summary:
Bone growth requires the balance of minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, and factors of bone biomineralization. The difference between jaws’ bones and the rest bones of human body is the existence of teeth. Although the development of teeth has no similarities with bones, the biomineralization of both happens at the same time. Consequently, the disturbances in the metabolism of minerals and peptides which participate in osteogenesis, have an impact on teeth, jaws, periodontal tissues, and oral mucosa. In this Thesis the hereditary and congenital metabolic bone diseases are being studied and classified based on their genetic profile and oral manifestations. Regarding the categories, there are metabolic bone diseases caused by genetic mutations, like hereditary rickets, and others caused by chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome. Many disorders are provoked by enzymatic dysfunction, while others have an unknown background. A big number of oral manifestations are related with problems in the dentition, oral mucosa, periodontal tissues, and jaws. Particularly, there is a big variety of dental symptoms of these disorders, while the most frequent are hypoplastic or dysplastic dental tissues such as enamel and dentine, delayed eruption of teeth, oligodontia, abnormalities at crown and root, and malocclusion. In addition, other frequent oral manifestations are macroglossia, periodontal diseases, and an hypoplastic upper jaw or «V» shape jaw. Especially some syndromes present with cleft lip and palate. To conclude, dentists should be well-educated about oral manifestations of hereditary and congenital metabolic bone diseases, they should be able to recognize them through clinical examination and x-rays and give patients a special dental care. What is more, cooperation between doctors and dentists is necessary, so as dentists can refer patients for genetic consultation and treatment from experts.
Keywords:
Congenital, hereditary, metabolic bone disease, oral manifestations, teeth
