Supervisors info:
Νικόλαος Τεντολούρης, Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Ευάγγελος Λυμπερόπουλος,Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Ελεθεριάδου Ιωάννα, Επιμελήτρια Β, Παθολογική κλινική, ΓΝΑ «ΛΑΙΚΟ».
Summary:
Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifactorial condition. According to global epidemiological data from the World Health Organization (WHO), it stands as the third most prevalent cause of death worldwide. Additionally, COPD often appears to coexist with obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the potential impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on the corresponding receptor in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Materials & Methods: In this study, a systematic review of existing literature was conducted, searching international scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria for the review mainly involved studies published in Greek or English, or studies with translations available in these languages, and publication dates restricted to the last decade (2013-2023).
Results: The findings of the existing literature on the action of GLP-1 agonists in COPD are extremely limited. Only ten relevant studies were identified, of which three are at the preclinical level. From the preclinical studies, increased expression of GLP- 1 receptor genes in the lungs was identified, while endogenous GLP-1 appears not to protect mice with COPD. Administration of GLP-1 agonists in mice with COPD had anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Researchers reported improved respiratory function and reduced moderate/severe COPD exacerbations and, consequently, mortality after GLP-1 agonist administration. From the other studies, GLP-1 agonists compared to other anti-hyperglycemic drugs seemed to reduce inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and airway resistance. Finally, they improved respiratory function and reduced the risk of severe and moderate exacerbations by 30% and 37%, respectively.
Conclusions: From the present study, it appears that the administration of GLP-1 agonists could be used as protective therapy in patients with COPD to improve symptoms and reduce COPD exacerbations per year. It is important to conduct collaborative studies with larger samples since the number of studies was limited, and the results are supported by preclinical studies, aiming to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients.
Keywords:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD), Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2), Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1RAs). Obesity, Pulmonary function
