Κατεύθυνση Δίκαιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης
Library of the School of Law

2025-01-10

2025

Boettcher Florian

- Mr Theodoros G. Iliopoulos, Professor of European environmental law, Law School, Hasselt University/Belgium
- Mr Manolis Perakis, Associate Professor of European Law, Law School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Mrs Metaxia Kouskouna, Assistant Professor of European Law, Law School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Biodiversity protection in the EU: legal framework, challenges and opportunities

English

Biodiversity protection in the EU: legal framework, challenges and opportunities

This LL.M. thesis examines biodiversity protection in the EU, analyzing its legal framework, challenges, and opportunities. Part 1 addresses the EU’s biodiversity legislation and its interaction with agricultural policy. Chapter A focuses on the old EU Nature Directives and the new EU Nature Restoration Regulation (2024/1991), presenting its governance framework and the new implementation tool of national restoration plans developed by Member States. Chapter B explores the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), its role in biodiversity loss, and its new instruments—enhanced conditionality, eco-schemes, and agri-environment-climate measures (AECM)—introduced in the CAP reform for 2023-2027. It also evaluates the interplay between CAP Strategic Plans and National Restoration Plans. This part is addressing the following research question: How does the EU legal framework for biodiversity protection operate in interaction with the EU Agricultural Policy (CAP)?

Part 2 focuses on the enforcement of EU biodiversity laws. Chapter A examines private enforcement via national courts and preliminary references alongside public enforcement by the European Commission. Chapter B explores procedural pathways for private enforcement under the regime of the Aarhus Convention. This part addresses the research question: How can both public and private enforcement of EU legislation contribute to effectively achieving EU biodiversity protection objectives?

Law and Legislation

European law

EU law, Biodiversity Protection, Restoration, EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, EU Nature Directives, Nature Restoration Regulation, national restoration plan, Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), CAP Strategic Plan, enhanced conditionality, private and public enforcement, preliminary reference procedure, infringement procedure, CJEU´s Białowieża Forest case, Aarhus Convention

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https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/3448308/file.pdf

https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/3448308