Unit:
Τομέας Υγείας - Μητέρας - ΠαιδιούLibrary of the School of Health Sciences
Author:
Κουτούζης Εμμανουήλ
Dissertation committee:
Μαρία Παπαγρηγορίου-Θεοδωρίδου Ομότιμη Καθηγήτρια Παιδιατρικής, Αθανάσιος Τσακρής Καθηγητής Μικροβιολογίας, Βασιλική Συριοπούλου Ομότιμη Καθηγήτρια Παιδιατρικής
Original Title:
Επιδημιολογία πνευμονιοκοκκικής νόσου στα παιδιά. Επίπτωση, οροτυπία στελεχών και μικροβιακή αντοχή πριν από και μετά την εφαρμογή των συζευγμένων πνευμονιοκοκκικών εμβολίων.
Translated title:
Epidemiology of pneumococcal disease in children. Impact, serotyping of isolates and antimicrobial resistance before and after implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
Summary:
Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the evolution of
pneumococcal disease in children in our region (epidemiology, fluctuations of
serotypes, antibiotic resistance), before and after implementation of conjugate
vaccines (PCVs). The study was conducted during the period 1986-2015 in Athens,
Greece, in children 14 years. Identification of S.pneumoniae was confirmed by
conventional techniques, serotyping was performed with Pneumotest kit-latex and
by the quellung reaction. The susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by
the disc diffusion method and by Etest and detection of resistance genes το
penicillin and macrolides by PCR. The data were analyzed using the SPSS
statistics software. Overall, 1875 children (1034 boys) were included in the
study (mean age of 33.92 months), 953 had invasive disease (IPD) and 922 acute
otitis media. The 70.5% of the infections were observed in October to March.
After introduction of PCVs the incidence of pneumococcal infections was reduced
and the prevalence of PCV serotypes declined while the non-PCV serotypes
increased. The penicillin resistant strains as well as the isolates resistant
to 3 groups of antibiotics increased gradually after 1995. The most frequent
serotypes in multidrug-resistant strains were the 19A and 19F. These findings
have implications on developing strategies for the treatment and prevention of
pneumococcal infections.
Keywords:
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Epidemiology, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, Serotypes, Antibiotic resistance
Number of references:
337
