Τομέας Φιλοσοφίας και Θεωρίας της Επιστήμης και της Τεχνολογίας
Library of the School of Science

2014-12-16

2014

Γκατζάρας Αθανάσιος

Καρασμάνης Βασίλης Καθηγητής ΕΜΠ (Επιβλέπων), Αικατερίνη Ιεροδιακόνου Καθηγήτρια ΕΚΠΑ, Καλλιγάς Παύλος Αναπλ. Καθηγητής ΕΚΠΑ

Οι Πρώτες Αρχές του Αισθητού Κόσμου στη Φιλοσοφία του Πλάτωνα

Greek

The First Principles of Sensible World in Plato's Philosophy

My thesis is about the first ontological principles (or causes) that constitute
Plato’s natural universe. I support that these principles are four: a) the
Demiurge; b) the Form of the Good; c) the Paradigm; d) the Receptacle. The
subject of my study lies in the book "Timaeus". In "Timaeus" I find and
reconstruct the arguments that prove the existence of the above principles.
However, "Timaeus" by itself is insufficient for our understanding basic
platonic notions such as “cause”, “form”, or “goodness”. Therefore I study the
theory of Forms in "Phaedo" and the Form of the Good in "Republic". In "Phaedo"
I focus mainly in passage 95e-105c, because it is about the first attempts made
by Socrates in order to be understood the causes of the universe, and because
it provides us with significant platonic arguments about what a real cause
should be like. In "Republic" (Books 6 and 7) I give my own interpretation
about the Form of the Good: I connect this Form with the Principle of Opposites
and I see it as a forerunner of the Aristotelian final cause. These conclusions
are used for our better understanding of the four cosmological causes in
"Timaeus".

Plato, Timaeus, Cosmology, First principles, Ancient philosophy

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https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/1309230