Κατεύθυνση Παθολογία της Κύησης
Library of the School of Health Sciences

2015-11-18

2015

Μιχαηλίδου Σοφία

Παπαντωνίου Νικόλαος Καθηγητής Μαιευτικής - Γυναικολογίας, Σαλαμαλέκης Εμμανουήλ, Ομότιμος καθηγητής Μαιευτικής- Γυναικολογίας, Κασσάνος Δημήτριος Ομότιμος καθηγητής Μαιευτικής- Γυναικολογίας

Ενδομήτριες και περιγεννητικές λοιμώξεις

Greek

Endometrial or congenital infections are infections that affect the fetus
throughout the pregnancy or the baby during the perinatal period. Even today,
despite the progress of knowledge in medicine, infections are an important
cause of fetal and neonatal mortality and contribute significantly to childhood
morbidity.
The microorganisms responsible for the infection of the fetus is particularly
viruses, bacteria and pathogenic parasites known by the acronym T.O.R.C.H.
(Toxoplasma gondii, Other, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex II). In
group "Other" belong a large number of microorganisms. The incidence of
congenital infection varies depending on the type of pathogenic microorganism
and generally varies from 0.5 to 2.5% of all births, with increased frequency
in low socialeconomic populations.
The range and severity of the consequences, that causes congenital
infection of the fetus or newborn, range from the fetal death and birth defects
to a birth of a "normal newborn" with late and minor manifestations of
infection. Common clinical manifestations which indicate intrauterine infection
are prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, hematologic findings,
ophthalmic signs, manifestations from the central nervous system and fetal
hydrops.
The diagnosis of congenital infections remains difficult since the disease can
appear with no clinical findings or very mild. The diagnosis of these "silent"
infections is based on the knowledge and good judgment of the doctor, who with
the contribution of the laboratory will be able to isolate the microorganism,
identify the antigen with the PCR process and confirm the existence of
increased fetal origin of antibodies (IgM ).
The treatment is not always specific, and the results are often
disappointing. The modern treatment of neonatal congenital infection requires a
coordinated team of "experts", made up of Neonatologist, Infectious Diseases
expert, child neurologist, social worker, and psychologist. The cornerstone in
the treatment of congenital infections remains the constant care and doctor's
awareness, which should focus on prevention of congenital infection.

Congenital infections, Perinatal period, Neonatal mortality, Childhood morbidity, Diagnosis

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