Κατεύθυνση Κοινωνικές και Ανθρωπιστικές Σπουδές
Library of the School of Physical Education and Sport Science

2017-05-01

2008

Karkaletsi Fevronia

Κουτσούκη Δ., Καθηγήτρια, ΤΕΦΑΑ, ΕΚΠΑ
Μαριδάκη Μ., Αναπληρώτρια Καθηγήτρια ΤΕΦΑΑ,ΕΚΠΑ
Σκορδίλης Ε., Λέκτορας, ΤΕΦΑΑ, ΕΚΠΑ

Ο ρόλος των γονέων στην εμφάνιση της παχυσαρκίας σε παιδιά με νοητική καθυστέρηση

Greek

Overweight and obesity among Greek children with metnal retardation and the influence of parental nutritional habits

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of overweight and obesity based on body mass index (BMI) values among children with average mental retardation. A secondary purpose was to examine if the BMI of children differs according to nutritional habits of their parents, the intention of the parents to adopt healthy eating and the participation of children in outdoor physical activities.
METHOD: The study population included 73 children, 17 girls and 56 boys, of the age between 7 and 12 years old. Also, a total of 41 parents participated by filling out the questionnaires based on the Planned Behavior Theory (TPB) and the Consuming Food Frequency (CFF). The mentally retarded children were chosen from public special elementary schools and from organizations of adapted physical activities of Attica.
RESULTS: The results showed that the percentages of children with obesity and overweight children, with mental retardation were 20.5% and 28.8%, relatively. Furthermore, it was found that the girls had higher percentages of obesity (23.5%) and overweight (42.2%) in comparison with the boys (19.6% and 25%, relatively). After comparing with children of same age, without mental retardation, it was found that children with mental retardation had higher percentages of obesity. Even though, the BMI of children with mental retardation and of their parents were positively related, the relation was not statistically important.
According to the answers of the parents in questionnaire of CFF, it was found that their nutrition habits were related to BMI of their children and the consumption of cereals by the mothers was important factor of predicting the BMI of children. In addition, the analysis has showed that the intention of parents to have a healthy eating was in general positive. Significant differences though were found between the answers of the mothers regarding the factor “attitudes to adopt healthy eating”. Particularly, the mothers of the children with obesity had more positive attitude than those of the mothers of overweight children. Eventually, it was found out that the factor of prediction of BMI of children was the “perceived behavioral control” of the mothers.
The participation in outdoor physical activities differentiated also the BMI of the children. The children who participated in physical activities had higher BMI than those who did not. The participation in outdoor physical activities did not affect the parental behavior for healthy eating. Only in the factor “subjective norm” the answers of the fathers were different. The fathers whose children participated in physical activities had higher values in “subjective norm” than those who did not.
Finally, regarding the examination of nutritional habits the results showed that there was significant difference in relation to the consumption of lactationally products. The mothers of the children who participated in physical activities were consuming higher amounts of lactationally products in relation with those who did not.
DISCUSSION: The above results have to do only with the sample of the current survey. However they are indicative for the frequency of obesity to children with mental retardation and the parental role. Concluding, it is obvious that the percentage of obese children with mental retardation is especially high in relation to the general population, and that the preadaption is directly related to the parents.

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