Postgraduate Programme Biostatistics & Health Science Data
Library of the School of Health Sciences

2018-07-11

2018

Leontiou Leontiou

Φώτιος Σιάννης, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Μαθηματικών, ΕΚΠΑ
Νίκος Πανταζής, ΕΔΙΠ, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ
Αικατερίνη Παυλάκη, Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική, ΕΚΠΑ

Κλινικοπαθολογοανατομική ταξινόμηση και προγνωστικοί δείκτες καρκίνου μαστού

Greek

Clinical and pathology classification and preventive mark cancer indicators

The object of the study is the assessment of DFS (Disease Free Survival) and the OS
(Overall Survival) rate of women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer in relation
to pathology-anatomical and immunohistochemical techniques of breast cancer at IASO
hospital during 2002-2012.
Data of molecular biology will be mentioned within paper from the bibliography due to the
fact that innovating research and its results have brought new light on the issue in the last
20 years. These results, on the one hand are conductive to the understanding of breast
cancer disease and on the other hand embody data for more precise and conclusive
classifications of the subtypes of breast cancer. Therefore, results of molecular biology are
not included in this study due to lack of data for statistical analysis.
Scientific progress that occurred in the 20th and 21th century which played a significant
role in the knowledge of breast oncology and the contribution to the understanding of the
disease will be mentioned in the introduction.
Due to technological developments in biology, molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry,
bioinformatics and biostatistics in combination with the rapid development of
biotechnology, study and analysis of the continuous flow of data, diagnosis, treatment and
monitoring of women suffering from breast cancer was made possible and far easier. It is
however, noticeable that the plethora of information appearing at such a rapid pace and its
instantaneous processing can easily lead to errors, false premature and therefore to
misleading directions for treatment and possibly fatal implications for patients.
However, the most important change in the treatment of asymptomatic women was
improved statistical survivals due to the premature diagnosis of breast cancer in the
screened population. Therefore, the tool for improved mortality rate of breast cancer, is
basically the early detection of breast tumors in their minimal disease phase.
Additionally, the abundance of information acquired from molecular biology, genetics and
bioinformatics have assisted forward our understanding of cancer disease. Therefore,
intracellular pathways (nuclear and cytoplasmatic) became more comprehensible as well as
the differentiation of the protagonists, co-activators or co-inhibitors of carcinogenesis as
well as natural pathways even of healthy cells.
A typical example was the revelation of the estrogen receptor and the fact that it has an
active participation in either the progress of disease or in the recession of the disease.
Other "molecular targets" followed such as HER-2 neu (human Epidermal Growth Factor
Receptor 2) and progesterone receptors PRA, PRB.
The analysis of a patient's life expectancy will predominantly be based on Cox
proportional model, which it is used widely to find the relationship between a variable that
indicates the survival time of a person and other covariates and the differences in survival
due to the type of treatment and prognostic factors in clinical studies. It is a semi
parametric model, which models the hazard function in relation to other variables.

Health Sciences

Breast cancer, Immunohistochemical classification, Molecular classification, IASO, Breast cancer survival

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https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/2778294