Dissertation committee:
1. Θεοδώρα Αντωνίου, Καθηγήτρια Τομέα Δημοσίου Δικαίου
2. Χρήστος Γκόρτσος, Καθηγητής Τομέα Δημοσίου Οικονομικού Δικαίου
3. Σπυρίδων Βλαχόπουλος, Καθηγητής Τομέα Δημοσίου Δικαίου
4. Πάνος Λαζαράτος, Καθηγητής Τομέα Δημοσίου Δικαίου
5. Γλυκερία Σιούτη, Καθηγήτρια Τομέα Δημοσίου Δικαίου
6. Νικόλαος Παπασπύρου, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής Τομέα Δημοσίου Δικαίου
7. Αικατερίνη Ηλιάδου, Επίκουρη Καθηγήτρια, Τομέα Δημοσίου Δικαίου
Summary:
The purpose of this study is the historical-philosophical review and deepening of the evolutionary course of the concept of equality and freedom of states and peoples, as shaped by the period of the Enlightenment and afterwards, as well as the causes that led man to seek and establish institutions and rules. It presents the position of the individual and the state, as they were shaped through the historical and philosophical currents of the late 17th century. until the beginning of the 19th century. Equally important is the study and research of the origins and the need to establish rules of international law. It is necessary to approach the issues of study from both a historical and a philosophical point of view. The factors promoting the individual rights of classical liberalism are analyzed. The first chapter begins with the philosophical approach to equality and freedom at the earlier stage of the French Revolution, as well as during modernity. Next, there is the historical reversal of the principle of equality, which as a timeless ideal has acquired an almost transcendental significance. At the end, issues that focus on the justification of the actors during the 'bourgeois' revolutions are examined, with the ever-changing political and social institutions being characterized by the collective actions of the organization and the transformation of a nation-state society whose main demand equality. Further elaborating on the shaping factors of 17th century European genesis. Kantian knowledge is analyzed not in the classical sense, that is, as a real being, such as empirical objects, but as a transcendental object. Important is the Hegelian stance on freedom, justice and the state. Law can be realized through the state and freedom can be enhanced within the organizational structure of law. The state is the component according to which reason and spirit are formed. Can the Hegelian freedom, if it is exercised within a state-organized entity, satisfy the freedom of all rational people? If there is a need to meet the human demands that remain unsatisfied, this as a dynamic of denial of the "authority" and credibility of the authorities of the Greater State can lead to its overthrow, or the State acquires this capacity to meet all needs, without such a situation being an obstacle to maintaining its harmonious function? Aegelos believes that the state cannot be subjugated to the economy, but must have the will to implement economic policy. The philosopher's anxiety is about the historic moment of the overthrow of state foundations when they are threatened by the mob. The story of the Angel is equivalent to the interpretation of the human being itself. According to Hegel, the theories of interpretation of human existence do not belong to the pedestal of the high abstract ideas, but to the world of concepts, which are formed within the real world. In his work. The Phenomenology of the Spirit, which is a stepping stone to Ultimate Truth, complete with the ideals of the French Revolution, namely equality and freedom, brotherhood and secularism, it examines the tendency of History to lead one purpose. The realization of the Aegean Spirit and the end of History state that when man's ideological, political, cultural and intellectual determinations have been interpreted and satisfy man's natural tendency to understand history, then man's account of nature is definitive. In addition, the concept of the state as a historical product of human action is analyzed and explained with the new order of things as it is shaped and invoked by international law in order to re-examine the concepts of equality, freedom and justice. Following is an analysis of the international contexts through which International Law has evolved in its present form, the key pillars of its evolution, on the basis of which states are transacted widely and human relations are developed, with the ultimate aim of highlighting those issues as critical political, philosophical and historical thought over time.
Historical developments in international law in the light of a historical-philosophical point of view are also problematic as to the purpose of its existence, because by definition globalization has a variable effect on the need for changes or adaptations. In-depth analysis of peoples' equality and their right to self-determination, sovereignty as a complementary principle of equality of states, and the search for the concept of the state in the years of the Enlightenment and thereafter, in order to enlighten, as much as possible, the purpose of principles, and whether or not they are adhered to today.
