Κατεύθυνση Στρατηγικές Διαχείρισης Καταστροφών και Κρίσεων στους Διοικητικούς και Αναπτυξιακούς Τομείς
Library of the School of Science

2020-03-03

2020

Gkouzouma Sofia

Ευθύμιος Λέκκας, Καθηγητής , Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών.
Χαράλαμπος Κράνης, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών.
Σπύρος Μπλαβούκος, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Διεθνών και Ευρωπαϊκών Οικονομικών Σπουδών, Οικονομικό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών

Πως επηρεάζουν οι φυσικές καταστροφές τις Διεθνείς και Περιφερειακές Σχέσεις : Περίπτωση μελέτης Ελλάδας - Τουρκίας.

Greek

The effect of natural disasters on the International and Regional Relations : The Greece - Turkey Case Study.

Natural disaster that afflict humanity caused as a result of either natural phenomena or technological accidents are constantly increasing. The purpose of this paper is to study whether and to what extent natural disasters affect international and regional relations. It will also examine whether disaster diplomacy helps to improve relations between countries that are traditional enemies. Next, it will focus on the study of the relations between Greece and Turkey and on how the diplomacy that followed the 1999 earthquakes affected the rapprochement between these two countries. In addition, it will investigate whether "disaster diplomacy" can make this rapprochement long - standing and whether it can contribute to the convergence and finally to the resolution of traditional disputes in high political issues.
This paper is structured in six parts. The first part reviews the evolution of natural disaster over time and their impact on human societies. Disaster definitions and theories of the causes of natural disasters are presented. There is also a review of the literature on the general consequences of disasters with a view to showing that this major social phenomenon can cause changes in social and political relations.
The second part analyses the concept of diplomacy and the various schools of thought. There is also a comprehensive approach to how diplomacy is a tool for the peaceful resolution of disputes at state, regional and international levels. Next, we examine how the term "disaster diplomacy» was created and how it became a tool for studying whether local and regional disasters affect bilateral diplomatic relations, contribute to closer ties between countries in conflict and promote international and regional political processes and partnerships. We present some studies on certain State and the results of the implementation of disaster diplomacy. We also examine humanitarian diplomacy and to what extent climate change affects the approach and cooperation at international and regional levels.
The third part of the study focuses on the 1999 earthquakes in Greece and Turkey and on how earthquake diplomacy helped bring the two peoples closer. It also analyses the relations between the two countries before and after the Athens and Izmit earthquakes of 1999, the role of the media, the role of the citizens and the political factors that contributed significantly to the temporary rapprochement between the two countries. We also analyse in detail the prospects of the Greek - Turkish approach and to what extent disaster diplomacy can affect the relations between the two countries regardless of the context of political conditions. Finally, the Civil Protection Systems of the two countries until the earthquakes of the two countries until the earthquakes of 1999 are presented.
The fourth section examine the conditions and factors that contributed to the establishment of the Joint Hellenic Turkish Standby Disaster Response Unit (JHET - SDRU). We analyse the development of the relations between Greece and Turkey after the earthquakes. Reference is made to the critical Greece - Turkey and EMU disaster cooperation with the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) and the activities of the JHET - SDUR as well as the meetings of the Steering Committee.
The institutional changes in the civil protection systems of the two countries after the earthquakes are analysed below as a result of the experience gained, of the contribution of JHET - SDRU and of the cooperation with the United Nations. Reference is also made to the bilateral and multilateral agreements signed by the two countries after the earthquakes.
The sixth and final part presents the results of the study. Concerns are raised about whether disaster diplomacy can affect the relations of states in conflict. Can disaster diplomacy be also extended to areas of traditional diplomacy? Why disaster diplomacy is of short duration and how this can change in the future? Can climate changes and new conditions created as a result thereof contribute to the cooperation at local, regional and international levels in order to reduce the risks of natural disasters? All of these considerations give rise to further suggestions and initiatives on the topic of this paper.

Science

Social, Political and Economic sciences

natural disasters, international relations, regional relations, earthquake, Athens 1999, Izmit 1999, JHET - SDRU, disaster diplomacy

No

0

Yes

99

160

File access is restricted only to the intranet of UoA.

https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/2898643