Supervisors info:
Δρ. Αδάμ Σταύρος Επικ. Καθηγητής ΠΑΝ/ΜΙΟΥ ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ
Δρ. Λέκκας Ε., Καθηγητής Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος ΕΚΠΑ,
Δρ. Αντωνίου Β., Δρ. Γεωλόγος, Ε.Δ.Ι.Π. Τμήμα Γεωλογίας και Γεωπεριβάλλοντος ΕΚΠΑ
Summary:
Nowadays we receive daily information about events of crises or disasters that disrupt the proper functioning of society. Crises and disasters can be the result of natural changes in the environment, climate crisis, human activity, human technologies and a combination of them. Crisis and disaster reduction is a long-standing issue for many government and international bodies, with efforts to address these environmental issues to be dynamic, complex and require persistent, rapid, collaborative and effective work from those involved.
This work is an attempt to highlight the theoretical and technological background of Situational Awareness (SA) on crisis and disaster management. In our country the term SA is rarely heard, but it is a term that is used and researched abroad, for over four decades. Although several definitions have been used for the term SA, it is clear that the most widely used is Endsley’s definition. The SA plays an important role in all phases of response to crises or disasters. It is the term given to the level of awareness that an individual, a group or a system has of a situation or simply the understanding of "what is happening". Creating and maintaining a certain level of SA is an important factor in making the right decisions quickly, while, failing to achieve it can lead to disastrous decisions and subsequently disastrous results.
SA is a critical factor for decision making and performance of human intervention in dynamic environments. In fact, SA is a mental model of the current state of the environment and involves many types of complex systems, such as systems that monitor security situations. Moreover, the work will focus on cutting-edge technologies, such as Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Information Fusion, which are currently the main technological factors for achieving a high level of SA in a system that monitors security situations. In the present work we study the following points of Situational Awareness:
a) Overview and available models
b) Specific issues
c) Available applications that support the SA
d) Machine learning and support of SA
Finally, through this work we derive conclusion on the need to create an internet platform that will dynamically support a conceptual model of SA and will be able to meet the needs of SA both individually and collectively. This model will serve the evaluation of situations, by collecting, fusing and disseminating information from the field, while identifying the elements which will increase the confidence to the system. In addition, such a platform will assist with smart techniques the person or persons in charge in decision making, in emergency situations and in all the perspectives of SA (individual, group, system).
Keywords:
Situation Awareness, Three Level Model, Activity Theory Model, Perceptual Cycle Model, Information Gap, Machine learning, Artificial Neural Network, Information Fusion
