Unit:
Κατεύθυνση Σακχαρώδης Διαβήτης και ΠαχυσαρκίαLibrary of the School of Health Sciences
Author:
Makatounaki Maria
Supervisors info:
Χαλβατσιώτης Παναγιώτης, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Χατζηαγγελάκη Εριφύλη, Καθηγήτρια, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Ράπτης Αθανάσιος, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Original Title:
Τα μονοκλωνικά αντισώματα στη θεραπεία του αυτοάνοσου διαβήτη
Translated title:
The monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of autoimmune diabetes
Summary:
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to be an autoimmune disease driven by T cells, resulting in reduced insulin production due to dysfunction or destruction of pancreatic β cells. Among the various treatments that have been tried to treat the disease through the years is immunotherapy. The ultimate goal of immunotherapy for T1D is the suppression of the continuous β-cell autoimmunity mainly by restoring peripheral tolerance. This must be done without affecting protective immunity and maintaining β-cell function. However, the complexity of the disease process, which is characterized by multiple immune actors, and the varied kinetics of disease progression between individuals, has made the development of effective immunotherapies extremely challenging to date.
In general, mAb therapies have been applied to reverse the progression of the disease by deleting immunoactive cells, altering the phenotype / function of cell operators, or inhibiting soluble / cell surface protein interactions. Databases were used in the present work and with the use of appropriate keywords 1679 studies were obtained which included the use of antibodies for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes. The results of the analysis showed that clinical therapies targeting immune T cells and pancreatic B cells via anti-CD3 and anti-CD20, respectively, have demonstrated safety and efficacy in maintaining β-cell mass. in newly diagnosed patients. From the anti-CD3 it seems that teplizumab is more promising since it manages to maintain stable or reduce the levels of peptide C while from the anti-CD20 and anti-CD2 they do not have such good results. Most promising are the antibodies already used as a treatment for other diseases.
Main subject category:
Health Sciences
Keywords:
Monoclonal Antibodies, Type 1 Diabetes, LADA, New Treatments in Diabetes
