Supervisors info:
Νικόλαος Τεντολούρης, Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ, Επιβλέπων
Αλέξανδρος Κόκκινος, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Κωνσταντίνος Μακρυλάκης, Αναπληρωτής Καθηγητής, Ιατρική Σχολή, ΕΚΠΑ
Summary:
AIM: Postprandial hyperglyceamia remains a challenge for people living with Type 1 Diabetes mellitus. There is evidence that the addition of dietary protein to a meal contributes to postprandial glyceamic response. This review aims to identify the relevant studies, and come to conclusions, for the management of postprandial hyperglyceamia, caused by dietary protein consumption, in people with Type 1 DM.
METHODS: A search of the literature was performed on the relevant biochemical databases and the reference lists of guidelines and previous studies, in order to find the clinical trials, associated with the postprandial glucose excursion, caused by the consumption of dietary protein, in people with Type 1 DM.
RESULTS: The review included 21 published studies, that examined the impact of dietary protein on postprandial glucose, either as a single component of the meal (2 studies), or part of a mixed meal (19 studies). A dose-dependent relation between protein content and glyceamic excursion, was proved. The effect of protein consumption on glyceamic excursion is evident when ≥ 75gr of protein are consumed alone, or when ≥12,5gr of protein are combined with carbohydrates, or when ≥35gr of protein are included in a meal with carbohydrates and fat. The increase of protein content of a meal also leads to extended postprandial hyperglyceamia, increased insulin demand and modest decrease of postprandial hypoglyceamia. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of dietary protein triggers a dose dependent increase on postprandial glucose levels and insulin demand, in people with type 1 DM. These findings highlight the importance of taking protein into account, when it comes to insulin dose calculation.
