Περίληψη:
Background: There is lack of data in Greece on the trends in energy and nutrient intake. The present study aimed to examine differences in these parameters among first-grade children of Crete, Greece, between 1992/93 and 2006/07. Methods: Children (aged 5.7-7.6 years) from two-representative cross-sectional samples participated during 1992/93 (n = 245) and 2006/07 (n = 257). Nutrient and food intakes were assessed using estimated 3-day-food records. Nutrient intakes were estimated as amounts per 4185 kJ (1000 kcal) of energy intake (EI), whereas macronutrients were estimated as percentage of total EI. Results: Between 1992/93 and 2006/07, respectively, significant increases (P < 0.05) were observed in the intake of energy (boys: 7996 versus 8646 kJ; girls: 7265 versus 7963 kJ), calcium (boys: 488 versus 587 mg; girls: 464 versus 594 mg), iron (boys: 5.8 versus 7.3 mg; girls: 5.7 versus 7.4 mg) and vitamins B2 (boys: 1.01 versus 1.17 mg; girls: 1.0 versus 1.16 mg) and B6 (boys: 0.80 versus 0.87 mg; girls: 0.75 versus 0.95 mg), for boys and girls, respectively. Among boys, the intake of protein (13.6 versus 14.6% of EI) and total trans fatty acids (TTFA) (0.84 versus 0.99 g) was also significantly lower in 1992/93 (P < 0.016). Between 1992/93 and 2006/07, total fat (boys: 42.9% versus 42.8%, girls: 42% versus 43.1%) and saturated fat (boys: 15.5% versus 15.4%, girls: 15% versus 15.3%) exceeded the 30-35% and <10% dietary recommendations, respectively, A significantly higher proportion of children in 2006/07, compared to 1992/93, had a higher intake of total energy (>120% of the recommended energy allowance). Conclusions: The intake of several macronutrients (protein, TTFA, total and saturated fat) in this sample of children did not meet the recommended intakes in either time period. © 2013 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.
Συγγραφείς:
Smpokos, E.A.
Linardakis, M.
Papadaki, A.
Theodorou, A.S.
Havenetidis, K.
Kafatos, A.
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
carbohydrate diet; fat intake; protein intake; trace element, administration and dosage; anthropometry; caloric intake; carbohydrate diet; child; cross-sectional study; fat intake; female; Greece; human; male; medical record; motor activity; nutritional assessment; preschool child; protein intake; sedentary lifestyle; television, Anthropometry; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet Records; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Energy Intake; Female; Greece; Humans; Male; Micronutrients; Motor Activity; Nutrition Assessment; Sedentary Lifestyle; Television
