Τίτλος:
Kinetics of nucleocapsid, spike and neutralizing antibodies, and viral load in patients with severe covid-19 treated with convalescent plasma
Περίληψη:
COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. Despite meticulous research, only dexamethasone has shown consistent mortality reduction. Convalescent plasma (CP) infusion might also develop into a safe and effective treatment modality on the basis of recent studies and meta-analyses; however, little is known regarding the kinetics of antibodies in CP recipients. To evaluate the kinetics, we followed 31 CP recipients longitudinally enrolled at a median of 3 days post symptom onset for changes in binding and neutralizing antibody titers and viral loads. Antibodies against the complete trimeric Spike protein and the receptor-binding domain (Spike-RBD), as well as against the complete Nucleocapsid protein and the RNA binding domain (N-RBD) were determined at baseline and weekly following CP infusion. Neutralizing antibody (pseudotype NAb) titers were determined at the same time points. Viral loads were determined semi-quantitatively by SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Patients with low humoral responses at entry showed a robust increase of antibodies to all SARS-CoV-2 proteins and Nab, reaching peak levels within 2 weeks. The rapid increase in binding and neutralizing antibodies was paralleled by a concomitant clearance of the virus within the same timeframe. Patients with high humoral responses at entry demonstrated low or no further increases; however, virus clearance followed the same trajectory as in patients with low antibody response at baseline. Together, the sequential immunological and virological analysis of this well-defined cohort of patients early in infection shows the presence of high levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies and potent clearance of the virus. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Συγγραφείς:
Thomopoulos, T.P.
Rosati, M.
Terpos, E.
Stellas, D.
Hu, X.
Karaliota, S.
Bouchla, A.
Katagas, I.
Antoniadou, A.
Mentis, A.
Papageorgiou, S.G.
Politou, M.
Bear, J.
Donohue, D.
Kotanidou, A.
Kalomenidis, I.
Korompoki, E.
Burns, R.
Pagoni, M.
Grouzi, E.
Labropoulou, S.
Stamoulis, K.
Bamias, A.
Tsiodras, S.
Dimopoulos, M.-A.
Pavlakis, G.N.
Pappa, V.
Felber, B.K.
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
convalescent plasma; immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin G; neutralizing antibody; virus spike protein; coronavirus spike glycoprotein; neutralizing antibody; virus antibody, antibody response; antibody titer; Article; coronavirus disease 2019; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; extracorporeal oxygenation; female; human; humoral immunity; immunology; kinetics; male; nasopharyngeal swab; nonhuman; polymerase chain reaction; receptor binding; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; RNA-binding domain; Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viral clearance; virology; virus load; virus nucleocapsid; aged; antibody production; clinical trial; host pathogen interaction; immunology; kinetics; middle aged; multicenter study; passive immunization; phase 2 clinical trial; therapy; very elderly; virology; virus nucleocapsid, Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; COVID-19; Female; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Nucleocapsid; SARS-CoV-2; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Viral Load
