Τίτλος:
Antibody Response Following Pre-Exposure Immunization Against Rabies in High-Risk Professionals
Γλώσσες Τεκμηρίου:
Αγγλικά
Περίληψη:
Vaccination against rabies and routine antibody testing of subjects participating in programs for the surveillance and control of rabies in animals is strongly recommended. The scope of this study is to describe the antibody level as measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after primary and booster intramuscular vaccination with a purified vero-cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) in high-risk professionals and to determine the influence of an array of factors on antibody level, that is, time elapsed since primary immunization series and booster dose, sex, age, pathologic conditions, high-risk occupation, and peak antibody level after initial scheme and booster dose. A primary series of three doses of PVRV was administered and a commercial ELISA was recommended 14 days postimmunization with continuous repetition at 6 months and yearly intervals for the laboratory personnel and the rest of the professionals, respectively. The protective antibody titer was defined as a minimum of 0.5 equivalent units/mL (EU/mL) (seroconvertion) and a booster dose was applied if the titer was determined nonprotective. The seroconversion rate (SCR) after primary vaccination was 100%, with a geometric mean titer (GMT) of 2.90 EU/mL (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.85-3.45). After booster vaccination due to nonprotective titer, the SCR was 100% and the GMT increased by 678% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 514-887) reaching 4.25 EU/mL (IQR: 4.00-4.60), 2.5 times higher than the GMT elicited by the primary vaccine scheme in the respective recipients. The titer dropped by 1.20% per month (95% CI: 0.52-1.89) regardless of booster administration or any other factor. Women had 51% higher titer compared with men (95% CI: 6-116). High-risk professionals should be verified for adequate antibody titers, but routine administration of a single booster dose of PVRV 1 year after the primary series could be considered; more evidence is needed to support the benefit in terms of immunity and logistics. © Copyright 2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2020.
Συγγραφείς:
Dougas, G.
Mavrouli, M.
Vrioni, G.
Lytras, T.
Mellou, K.
Metallidis, S.
Istikoglou, I.
Mitrou, K.
Tzani, M.
Georgopoulou, I.
Tsalikoglou, F.
Garetsou, E.
Poulakou, G.
Giannitsioti, E.
Moschopoulos, C.
Baka, A.
Georgakopoulou, T.
Tsiodras, S.
Tsakris, A.
Περιοδικό:
Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
Εκδότης:
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 140 Huguenot Street, 3rd Floor New Rochelle, NY 10801 USA
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
rabies vaccine; vaccin rabique pasteur; rabies vaccine; virus antibody, adult; antibody blood level; antibody response; antibody titer; Article; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; female; health care personnel; high risk population; human; laboratory personnel; major clinical study; male; pre-exposure prophylaxis; priority journal; rabies; seroconversion; sex difference; vaccination; animal; blood; fox; health survey; immunology; occupational exposure; pre-exposure prophylaxis; prevention and control; public health; rabies; Rabies virus; risk factor; vaccination; veterinarian; virology; wild animal, Animals; Animals, Wild; Antibodies, Viral; Foxes; Humans; National Health Programs; Occupational Exposure; Population Surveillance; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; Rabies; Rabies Vaccines; Rabies virus; Risk Factors; Vaccination; Veterinarians
DOI:
10.1089/vbz.2019.2526
