Τίτλος:
“Pistacia lentiscus L.” reduces the infarct size in normal fed anesthetized rabbits and possess antiatheromatic and hypolipidemic activity in cholesterol fed rabbits
Γλώσσες Τεκμηρίου:
Αγγλικά
Περίληψη:
Hypothesis/Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vivo the potential anti-ischemic and antiatheromatic activity of Chios Mastic gum, the resin of the trunk and branches of “Pistacia lentiscus var. chia”, used since antiquity in traditional Greek medicine. The main compounds of mastic are triterpenes, possessing phytosterol-like structures. This led to the hypothesis that mastic and particularly its neutral fraction, enriched in phytosterol-like compounds, possess antiatheromatic activities. Methods Total Mastic Extract without Polymer (TMEWP) and the neutral mastic fraction (NMF) were administered orally for 6 weeks to normal fed and to cholesterol fed rabbits in the form of sunflower oil solution. All the animals were randomly divided into 6 groups, anesthetized and subjected to 30 min ischemia of the heart, followed by 3 h reperfusion: At the end of the experiment the area at risk and the infarct zone were determined with the aid of fluorescent particles and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, and small segments of the ascending and descending aorta and the heart were taken for histologic examination. Blood samples were collected at different time points of ischemia and reperfusion, for malondialdehyde (MDA) evaluation as an index of lipid peroxidation, for total and LDL cholesterol determination and for evaluation of oxidized LDL. Results In the normal fed animals the NMF and the TMEWP reduced significantly the infarct size, while in the hypercholesterolemic rabbits both treatments were ineffective. Atherosclerosis was detected in all the animals fed cholesterol enriched diet in the form of subintimal accumulation of lipids and foamy macrophages. There was no detection of atherosclerosis in Groups treated with TMEWP and NMF, which both reduced the total cholesterol levels by 47 and 88% respectively, whilst had not effect on LDL oxidation. TMEWP and NMF reduced the MDA concentration in normal fed rabbits, but had no effect on MDA levels in cholesterol fed animals. TMEWP and NMPF reduce the infarct size in normal animals and possess significant antiatheromatic and hypolipidemic activities in rabbits fed cholesterol enriched diet. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH
Συγγραφείς:
Andreadou, I.
Mitakou, S.
Paraschos, S.
Efentakis, P.
Magiatis, P.
Kaklamanis, L.
Halabalaki, M.
Skaltsounis, L.
Iliodromitis, E.K.
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
antilipemic agent; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; malonaldehyde; neutral mastic fraction; oxidized low density lipoprotein; Pistacia lentiscus extract; sunflower oil; total mastic extract without polymer; triphenyltetrazolium; unclassified drug; hypocholesterolemic agent; mastic; phytosterol; plant extract; plant resin; triterpene, animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; antiatheromatic activity; Article; ascending aorta; atherogenesis; atheromatosis; blood sampling; cholesterol blood level; cholesterol intake; controlled study; descending aorta; drug activity; drug bioavailability; heart infarction; heart infarction size; heart muscle reperfusion; heart protection; heart rate; hypercholesterolemia; hypolipemic activity; in vivo study; lipid oxidation; lipid peroxidation; lipid storage; macrophage; mean arterial pressure; nonhuman; Pistacia lentiscus; priority journal; rabbit model; adverse effects; animal; animal food; chemistry; comparative study; Greece; hypercholesterolemia; male; Myocardial Ischemia; Pistacia; rabbits and hares, Animal Feed; Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Greece; Hypercholesterolemia; Male; Mastic Resin; Myocardial Ischemia; Phytosterols; Pistacia; Plant Extracts; Rabbits; Resins, Plant; Triterpenes
DOI:
10.1016/j.phymed.2016.06.002
