Τίτλος:
Transportation, the pathogen vector to rule them all: Evidence from the
recent coronavirus pandemic
Γλώσσες Τεκμηρίου:
Αγγλικά
Περίληψη:
Introduction: It is common knowledge that mobility refers to a distinct
vector for pathogens, but the importance of prevention and the infusion
of public health practices within transportation systems is not
manifest. Replication studies of this effect are important because
transportation remains veiled in modern societies, since its demand is
not direct, but derived. Methods: Variables mirroring transportation and
logistics' systems intensity (trade data, the logistics performance
index, and investment in transportation) are cross-tabulated with
epidemiological data from the recent coronavirus pandemic. As the
samples of the data pertain to a dependent commonality, the statistical
hypothesis test applicable is McNemar's test. In addition, the
statistical power of the test(s) is calculated as a marker of
methodological validity and reliability. To further strengthen the
analytical methodology, a plethora of descriptive statistics have been
calculated and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) has been
conducted. Results: This work confirms that the domain of transportation
bears a strong association with not only mortality of a disease, but its
recovery rates as well. All crosstabs provide statistically significant
results and the statistical power calculated is very high, signifying
the appropriateness of the methodology and the very low probability of
Type II error. The MCA results are significant, as well. Conclusions:
The impact, or even the presence of transportation is veiled, as
transportation comprises of derived demand dynamics. As such, its
activities and even the prerequisites for its efficient operations many
times go unnoticed. This work replicates a known effect, that mobility
exacerbates the presence of a pathogen. The significance of this
research lies on the fact that distinct indicators that reflect
transportation and logistics are (though a robust calculatory
methodology) statistically associated with epidemiological data.
Συγγραφείς:
Stavroulakis, Peter J.
Tzora, Vasiliki A.
Riza, Elena and
Papadimitriou, Stratos
Περιοδικό:
Journal of Transport & Health
Εκδότης:
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Exeter, United Kingdom
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Transportation; Pandemics; Coronavirus; COVID-19; MCA; Contingency
table; McNemar's test
DOI:
10.1016/j.jth.2021.101087
