Περίληψη:
Endocrine system plays a vital role in controlling human homeostasis.
Understanding the possible effects of COVID-19 on endocrine glands is
crucial to prevent and manage endocrine disorders before and during
hospitalization in COVID-19-infected patients as well as to follow them
up properly upon recovery. Many endocrine glands such as pancreas,
hypothalamus and pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries
have been found to express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors,
the main binding site of the virus. Since the pandemic outbreak, various
publications focus on the aggravation of preexisting endocrine diseases
by COVID-19 infection or the adverse prognosis of the disease in
endocrine patients. However, data on endocrine disorders both during the
phase of the infection ( early complications) and upon recovery (late
complications) are scarce. The aim of this review is to identify and
discuss early and late endocrine complications of COVID-19. The majority
of the available data refer to glucose dysregulation and its reciprocal
effect on COVID-19 infection with the main interest focusing on the
presentation of new onset of diabetes mellitus. Thyroid dysfunction with
low triiodothyronine, low thyroid stimulating hormone, or subacute
thyroiditis has been reported. Adrenal dysregulation and impaired
spermatogenesis in affected men have been also reported. Complications
of other endocrine glands are still not clear. Considering the recent
onset of COVID-19 infection, the available follow-up data are limited,
and therefore, long-term studies are required to evaluate certain
effects of COVID-19 on the endocrine glands.
Συγγραφείς:
Kazakou, Paraskevi
Paschou, Stavroula A.
Psaltopoulou, Theodora
and Gavriatopoulou, Maria
Korompoki, Eleni
Stefanaki, Katerina
and Kanouta, Fotini
Kassi, Georgia N.
Dimopoulos,
Meletios-Athanasios
Mitrakou, Asimina
