Τίτλος:
Ampicillin-sulbactam: An update on the use of parenteral and oral forms in bacterial infections
Γλώσσες Τεκμηρίου:
Αγγλικά
Περίληψη:
Ampicillin-sulbactam has a wide range of antibacterial activity that includes Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, the drug is not active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and pathogens producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases. The combination could be considered particularly active against Acinetobacter baumannii infections due to the intrinsic activity of sulbactam. The drug is indicated as empirical therapy for a broad range of community acquired infections supervened in adults or children and is effective in either parenteral (ampicillin-sulbactam) or oral (as a mutual prodrug sultamicillin) form. In clinical trials, sultamicillin has proved clinically and bacteriologically effective in adults and children against a variety of frequently encountered infections, including mild upper and lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, diabetic foot and skin and soft tissue infections. Furthermore, adverse effects rarely occur with the diarrhoea to represent the most commonly reported. The parenteral ampicillin-sulbactam is indicated for community infections of mild-to-moderate severity acquired infections such as intra-abdominal or gynecological. Moreover, it seems to represent the alternative of choice for the treatment of A. baumannii infections for carbapenem-resistant strains in the nosocomial setting. Thus, ampicillin-sulbactam remains a valuable agent in the physician's armamentarium in the management of adult and pediatric infections. © 2009 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved.
Συγγραφείς:
Betrosian, A.P.
Douzinas, E.E.
Περιοδικό:
Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism and Toxicology
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid; ampicillin; carbapenem; cefoxitin; ceftriaxone; cefuroxime; cilastatin plus imipenem; clindamycin; colistin; gentamicin; levofloxacin; mezlocillin; moxifloxacin; panipenem plus betamipron; piperacillin plus tazobactam; sulbactam; sultamicillin; timentin, abdominal infection; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter infection; alanine aminotransferase blood level; antibacterial activity; antibiotic resistance; aspartate aminotransferase blood level; aspiration pneumonia; bacterial infection; cholestasis; chronic bronchitis; clinical trial; diarrhea; drug absorption; drug bioavailability; drug distribution; drug efficacy; drug elimination; drug eruption; drug half life; drug metabolism; drug safety; drug tolerability; Gram negative bacterium; Gram positive bacterium; gynecologic infection; human; in vitro study; injection site pain; liver toxicity; lower respiratory tract infection; lung abscess; nausea; nonhuman; pharmacodynamics; pneumonia; protein binding; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; review; side effect; skin disease; skin infection; soft tissue infection; upper respiratory tract infection; urinary tract infection; ventilator associated pneumonia; vomiting, Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Sulbactam, Acinetobacter baumannii; Bacteria (microorganisms); Negibacteria; Posibacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
DOI:
10.1517/17425250903145251
