Περίληψη:
Increasing quantities of evidence-based data incriminate a large number of environmental pollutants for toxic effects on the thyroid. Among the many chemical contaminants, halogenated organochlorines and pesticides variably affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and disrupt thyroid function. PCBs and their metabolites and PBDEs bind to thyroid transport proteins, such as transthyretin, displace thyroxine, and disrupt thyroid function. Meanwhile, at the molecular level, PCB congeners may activate phosphorylation of Akt, p-Akt, and forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) protein resulting in inhibition of the natrium/iodide symporter. Given therefore the growing concern developing around these multiple toxic chemicals today invading numerous environments and their long-term deleterious effects not only on the thyroid but also on general health, we strongly advocate their strict regulation and, moreover, their gradual reduction. A good degree of “lateral thinking”, we feel, will lead to a use of chemicals that will enhance life while concurrently carefully protecting the environment. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
pesticide; polychlorinated biphenyl; sodium iodide; toxic substance; transcription factor FKHRL1; endocrine disruptor; pollutant, DNA methylation; enzyme phosphorylation; evidence based practice; histone modification; human; persistent organic pollutant; pollutant; regulatory mechanism; Review; thyroid function; drug effects; hypothalamus; signal transduction; thyroid gland; toxicity, Endocrine Disruptors; Environmental Pollutants; Humans; Hypothalamus; Signal Transduction; Thyroid Gland
