Περίληψη:
The Saami are regarded as extreme genetic outliers among European
populations. In this study, a high-resolution phylogenetic analysis of
Saami genetic heritage was undertaken in a comprehensive context,
through use of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) and
paternally inherited Y-chromosomal variation. DNA variants present in
the Saami were compared with those found in Europe and Siberia, through
use of both new and previously published data from 445 Saami and 17,096
western Eurasian and Siberian mtDNA samples, as well as 127 Saami and
2,840 western Eurasian and Siberian Y-chromosome samples. It was shown
that the “Saami motif” variant of mtDNA haplogroup U5b is present in
a large area outside Scandinavia. A detailed phylogeographic analysis of
one of the predominant Saami mtDNA haplogroups, U5b1b, which also
includes the lineages of the “Saami motif,” was undertaken in 31
populations. The results indicate that the origin of U5b1b, as for the
other predominant Saami haplogroup, V, is most likely in western, rather
than eastern, Europe. Furthermore, an additional haplogroup (H1) spread
among the Saami was virtually absent in 781 Samoyed and Ob-Ugric
Siberians but was present in western and central European populations.
The Y-chromosomal variety in the Saami is also consistent with their
European ancestry. It suggests that the large genetic separation of the
Saami from other Europeans is best explained by assuming that the Saami
are descendants of a narrow, distinctive subset of Europeans. In
particular, no evidence of a significant directional gene flow from
extant aboriginal Siberian populations into the haploid gene pools of
the Saami was found.
Συγγραφείς:
Tambets, K
Rootsi, S
Kivisild, T
Help, H
Serk, P and
Loogvali, EL
Tolk, HV
Reidla, M
Metspalu, E
Pliss, L and
Balanovsky, O
Pshenichnov, A
Balanovska, E
Gubina, M and
Zhadanov, S
Osipova, L
Damba, L
Voevoda, M
Kutuev, I and
Bermisheva, M
Khusnutdinova, E
Gusar, V
Grechanina, E and
Parik, J
Pennarun, E
Richard, C
Chaventre, A
Moisan, JP
and Barac, L
Pericic, M
Rudan, P
Terzic, R
Mikerezi, I
and Krumina, A
Baumanis, V
Koziel, S
Rickards, O
De
Stefano, GF
Anagnou, N
Pappa, KI
Michalodimitrakis, E and
Ferak, V
Furedi, S
Komel, R
Beckman, L
Villems, R
