Τίτλος:
Total dietary carbohydrate, sugar, starch and fibre intakes in the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Περίληψη:
Objective: To describe dietary carbohydrate intakes and their food
sources among 27 centres in 10 countries participating in the European
Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects, aged between 35-74
years, were administered a standardized, 24-h dietary recall using a
computerized interview software programme (EPIC-SOFT). Intakes (g/day)
of total carbohydrate, sugars, starch and fibre were estimated using the
standardized EPIC Nutrient Database (ENDB). Mean intakes were adjusted
for age, total energy intake, height and weight, and were weighted by
season and day of recall.
Results: Adjusted mean total carbohydrate intakes were highest in Italy
and in the UK health-conscious cohort, and were lowest in Spain, Greece
and France. Total fibre intakes were highest in the UK health-conscious
cohort and lowest in Sweden and the UK general population. Bread
contributed the highest proportion of carbohydrates (mainly starches) in
every centre. Fruit consumption contributed a greater proportion of
total carbohydrates (mainly sugars) among women than among men, and in
southern centres compared with northern centres. Bread, fruits and
vegetables represented the largest sources of fibre, but food sources
varied considerably between centres. In stratified analyses,
carbohydrate intakes tended to be higher among subjects who were
physically active, never-smokers or non-drinkers of alcohol.
Conclusions: Dietary carbohydrate intakes and in particular their food
sources varied considerably between these 10 European countries. Intakes
also varied according to gender and lifestyle factors. These data will
form the basis for future aetiological analyses of the role of dietary
carbohydrates in influencing health and disease. European Journal of
Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, S37-S60; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.74
Συγγραφείς:
Cust, A. E.
Skilton, M. R.
van Bakel, M. M. E.
Halkjaer, J.
and Olsen, A.
Agnoli, C.
Psaltopoulou, T.
Buurma, E. and
Sonestedt, E.
Chirlaque, M. D.
Rinaldi, S.
Tjonneland, A.
and Jensen, M. K.
Clavel-Chapelon, F.
Boutron-Ruault, M. C. and
Kaaks, R.
Noethlings, U.
Chloptsios, Y.
Zylis, D. and
Mattiello, A.
Caini, S.
Ocke, M. C.
van der Schouw, Y. T.
and Skeie, G.
Parr, C. L.
Molina-Montes, E.
Manjer, J. and
Johansson, I.
McTaggart, A.
Key, T. J.
Bingham, S. and
Riboli, E.
Slimani, N.
