Περίληψη:
Objectives: To describe dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load
(GL) values in the population participating in the European Prospective
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study according to food
groups, nutrients and lifestyle characteristics.
Methods: Single 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDRs) from 33 566 subjects were
used to calculate dietary GI and GL, and an ad hoc database was created
as the main reference source. Mean GI and GL intakes were adjusted for
age, total energy intake, height and weight, and were weighted by season
and day of recall.
Results: GI was the lowest in Spain and Germany, and highest in the
Netherlands, United Kingdom and Denmark for both genders. In men, GL was
the lowest in Spain and Germany and highest in Italy, whereas in women,
it was the lowest in Spain and Greece and highest in the UK
health-conscious cohort. Bread was the largest contributor to GL in all
centres (15-45%), but it also showed the largest inter-individual
variation. GL, but not GI, tended to be lower in the highest body mass
index category in both genders. GI was positively correlated with starch
and intakes of bread and potatoes, whereas it was correlated negatively
with intakes of sugar, fruit and dairy products. GL was positively
correlated with all carbohydrate components and intakes of cereals,
whereas it was negatively correlated with fat and alcohol and with
intakes of wine, with large variations across countries.
Conclusions: GI means varied modestly across countries and genders,
whereas GL means varied more, but it may possibly act as a surrogate of
carbohydrate intake. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63,
S188-S205; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.81
Συγγραφείς:
van Bakel, M. M. E.
Kaaks, R.
Feskens, E. J. M.
Rohrmann, S.
and Welch, A. A.
Pala, V.
Avloniti, K.
van der Schouw, Y. T.
and van der A, D. L.
Du, H.
Halkjaer, J.
Tormo, M. J. and
Cust, A. E.
Brighenti, F.
Beulens, J. W.
Ferrari, P. and
Biessy, C.
Lentjes, M.
Spencer, E. A.
Panico, S.
Masala,
G.
Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B.
Peeters, P. H. M.
Trichopoulou,
A.
Psaltopoulou, T.
Clavel-Chapelon, F.
Touvier, M. and
Skeie, G.
Rinaldi, S.
Sonestedt, E.
Johansson, I. and
Schulze, M.
Ardanaz, E.
Buckland, G.
Tjonneland, A. and
Overvad, K.
Bingham, S.
Riboli, E.
Slimani, N.
