Τίτλος:
Intake estimation of total and individual flavan-3-ols,
proanthocyanidins and theaflavins, their food sources and determinants
in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(EPIC) study
Περίληψη:
Epidemiological studies suggest health-protective effects of
flavan-3-ols and their derived compounds on chronic diseases. The
present study aimed to estimate dietary flavan-3-ol, proanthocyanidin
(PA) and theaflavin intakes, their food sources and potential
determinants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and
Nutrition (EPIC) calibration cohort. Dietary data were collected using a
standardised 24 h dietary recall software administered to 36 037
subjects aged 35-74 years. Dietary data were linked with a flavanoid
food composition database compiled from the latest US Department of
Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases and expanded to include
recipes, estimations and retention factors. Total flavan-3-ol intake was
the highest in UK Health-conscious men (453.6 mg/d) and women of UK
General population (377.6 mg/d), while the intake was the lowest in
Greece (men: 160.5 mg/d; women: 124.8 mg/d). Monomer intake was the
highest in UK General population (men: 213.5 mg/d; women: 178.6 mg/d)
and the lowest in Greece (men: 26.6 mg/d in men; women: 20.7 mg/d).
Theaflavin intake was the highest in UK General population (men: 29.3
mg/d; women: 25.3 mg/d) and close to zero in Greece and Spain. PA intake
was the highest in Asturias (men: 455.2 mg/d) and San Sebastian (women:
253 mg/d), while being the lowest in Greece (men: 134.6 mg/d; women:
101.0 mg/d). Except for the UK, non-citrus fruits (apples/pears) were
the highest contributors to the total flavan-3-ol intake. Tea was the
main contributor of total flavan-3-ols in the UK. Flavan-3-ol, PA and
theaflavin intakes were significantly different among all assessed
groups. This study showed heterogeneity in flavan-3-ol, PA and
theaflavin intake throughout the EPIC countries.
Συγγραφείς:
Knaze, Viktoria
Zamora-Ros, Raul
Lujan-Barroso, Leila and
Romieu, Isabelle
Scalbert, Augustin
Slimani, Nadia
Riboli,
Elio
van Rossum, Caroline T. M.
Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas and
Trichopoulou, Antonia
Dilis, Vardis
Tsiotas, Konstantinos and
Skeie, Guri
Engeset, Dagrun
Ramon Quiros, J.
Molina, Esther
and Maria Huerta, Jose
Crowe, Francesca
Wirfal, Elisabet and
Ericson, Ulrika
Peeters, Petra H. M.
Kaaks, Rudolf
Teucher,
Birgit
Johansson, Gerd
Johansson, Ingegerd
Tumino, Rosario
and Boeing, Heiner
Drogan, Dagmar
Amiano, Pilar
Mattiello,
Amalia
Khaw, Kay-Tee
Luben, Robert
Krogh, Vittorio and
Ardanaz, Eva
Sacerdote, Carlotta
Salvini, Simonetta
Overvad,
Kim
Tjonneland, Anne
Olsen, Anja
Boutron-Ruault,
Marie-Christine
Fagherazzi, Guy
Perquier, Florence
Gonzalez,
Carlos A.
