Περίληψη:
Biologic agents (also termed biologicals or biologics) are therapeutics
that are synthesized by living organisms and directed against a specific
determinant, for example, a cytokine or receptor. In inflammatory and
autoimmune diseases, biologicals have revolutionized the treatment of
several immune-mediated disorders. Biologicals have also been tested in
allergic disorders. These include agents targeting IgE; T helper 2
(Th2)-type and Th2-promoting cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4),
IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IL-31, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP);
pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-23,
and tumor necrosis factor (TNF); chemokine receptor CCR4; and lymphocyte
surface and adhesion molecules, including CD2, CD11a, CD20, CD25, CD52,
and OX40 ligand. In this task force paper of the Interest Group on
Biologicals of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology,
we review biologicals that are currently available or tested for the use
in various allergic and urticarial pathologies, by providing an overview
on their state of development, area of use, adverse events, and future
research directions.
Συγγραφείς:
Boyman, O.
Kaegi, C.
Akdis, M.
Bavbek, S.
Bossios, A.
and Chatzipetrou, A.
Eiwegger, T.
Firinu, D.
Harr, T. and
Knol, E.
Matucci, A.
Palomares, O.
Schmidt-Weber, C. and
Simon, H-U.
Steiner, U. C.
Vultaggio, A.
Akdis, C. A. and
Spertini, F.
