Περίληψη:
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between short-term exposure to
desert dust and health outcomes is controversial.
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to estimate the short-term effects of particulate
matter <= 10 mu m (PM10) on mortality and hospital admissions in 13
Southern European cities, distinguishing between PM10 originating from
the desert and from other sources.
METHODS: We identified desert dust advection days in multiple
Mediterranean areas for 2001-2010 by combining modeling tools,
back-trajectories, and satellite data. For each advection day, we
estimated PM10 concentrations originating from desert, and computed PM10
from other sources by difference. We fitted city-specific Poisson
regression models to estimate the association between PM from different
sources (desert and non-desert) and daily mortality and emergency
hospitalizations. Finally, we pooled city-specific results in a
random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS: On average, 15% of days were affected by desert dust at ground
level (desert PM10 > 0 mu g/m(3)). Most episodes occurred in
spring-summer, with increasing gradient of both frequency and intensity
north-south and west-east of the Mediterranean basin. We found
significant associations of both PM10 concentrations with mortality.
Increases of 10 mu g/m(3) in non-desert and desert PM10 (lag 0-1 days)
were associated with increases in natural mortality of 0.55% (95% CI:
0.24, 0.87%) and 0.65% (95% CI: 0.24, 1.06%), respectively. Similar
associations were estimated for cardio-respiratory mortality and
hospital admissions.
CONCLUSIONS: PM10 originating from the desert was positively associated
with mortality and hospitalizations in Southern Europe. Policy measures
should aim at reducing population exposure to anthropogenic airborne
particles even in areas with large contribution from desert dust
advections.
Συγγραφείς:
Stafoggia, Massimo
Zauli-Sajani, Stefano
Pey, Jorge
Samoli,
Evangelia
Alessandrini, Ester
Basagana, Xavier
Cernigliaro,
Achille
Chiusolo, Monica
Demaria, Moreno
Diaz, Julio and
Faustini, Annunziata
Katsouyanni, Klea
Kelessis, Apostolos G.
and Linares, Cristina
Marchesi, Stefano
Medina, Sylvia and
Pandolfi, Paolo
Perez, Noemi
Querol, Xavier
Randi, Giorgia
and Ranzi, Andrea
Tobias, Aurelio
Forastiere, Francesco and
Alessandrini, E.
Angelini, P.
Berti, G.
Bisanti, L. and
Cadum, E.
Catrambone, M.
Chiusolo, M.
Davoli, M.
de'
Donato, F.
Demaria, M.
Gandini, M.
Grosa, M.
Faustini,
A.
Ferrari, S.
Forastiere, F.
Pandolfi, P.
Pelosini, R.
and Perrino, C.
Pietrodangelo, A.
Pizzi, L.
Poluzzi, V. and
Priod, G.
Randi, G.
Ranzi, A.
Rowinski, M.
Scarinzi, C.
and Stafoggia, M.
Stivanello, E.
Zauli-Sajani, S. and
Dimakopoulou, K.
Elefteriadis, K.
Katsouyanni, K.
Kelessis,
A.
Maggos, T.
Michalopoulos, N.
Pateraki, S.
Petrakakis,
M.
Rodopoulou, S.
Samoli, E.
Sypsa, V.
Agis, D. and
Alguacil, J.
Artinano, B.
Barrera-Gomez, J.
Basagana, X. and
de la Rosa, J.
Diaz, J.
Fernandez, R.
Jacquemin, B. and
Karanasiou, A.
Linares, C.
Ostro, B.
Perez, N.
Pey, J.
and Querol, X.
Salvador, Pedro
Sanchez, A. M.
Sunyer, J. and
Tobias, A.
Bidondo, M.
Declercq, C.
Le Tertre, A. and
Lozano, P.
Medina, S.
Pascal, L.
Pascal, M. and
MED-PARTICLES Study Grp
