Περίληψη:
Pneumonia is one of the most prevalent infections in the intensive care unit (ICU), where pneumonia may occur during hospitalization in the ICU as a complication. ICU patients with central nervous system (CNS) injuries are not an exception, and they may even be more susceptible to infections such as pneumonia due to issues such as swallowing difficul-ties, the requirement for mechanical ventilation, and extended hospital stay. Numerous common CNS injuries, such as isch-emic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage, can prolong hospital stay and increase the risk of pneumonia. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms are a common and significant concern, with increased mortality in nosocomial pneumonia. However, research on pneumonia due to MDR pathogens in patients with CNS injuries is limited. The aim of the present review was to provide the current evidence regarding pneumonia due to MDR pathogens in patients with CNS injuries. The prevalence of pneumonia due to MDR pathogens in CNS injuries differs among different settings, types of CNS injuries, geographical areas, and time periods in which the studies were performed. Specific risk factors for the emergence of pneumonia due to MDR pathogens have been identified in ICUs and neurological rehabilitation units. Antimicrobial resistance is currently.a global issue, although using preventive measures, early diagnosis, and close monitoring of MDR strains may lessen its impact. Since there is a lack of information on these topics, more multicenter prospective studies are required to offer insights into the clinical features and outcomes of these patients. © 2023, Spandidos Publications. All rights reserved.
Συγγραφείς:
Georgakopoulou, V.E.
Gkoufa, A.
Aravantinou-Fatorou, A.
Trakas, I.
Trakas, N.
Faropoulos, K.
Paterakis, K.
Fotakopoulos, G.
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
antibiotic agent; catecholamine; CD68 antigen; ceftriaxone; ciprofloxacin; interleukin 10; interleukin 1beta; interleukin 6; interleukin 8; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; piperacillin plus tazobactam; teicoplanin; tetracycline; tumor necrosis factor, Acinetobacter baumannii; antibiotic resistance; apoptosis; Article; artificial ventilation; brain hemorrhage; brain infarction; brain surgery; cell adhesion; central nervous system; cerebrovascular accident; Corynebacterium; data extraction; electrostimulation; Enterobacter cloacae; extubation; Glasgow coma scale; heart rate; hospitalization; immunocompromised patient; immunosuppressive treatment; intensive care unit; intubation; Klebsiella pneumoniae; lower respiratory tract infection; Medline; microglia; multidrug resistance; nervous system injury; neurological intensive care unit; neurorehabilitation; outcome assessment; paralysis; pleura effusion; pneumonia; prevalence; Proteus mirabilis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; pyroptosis; risk factor; search engine; spinal cord injury; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; subarachnoid hemorrhage; traumatic brain injury
