Τίτλος:
Whole Exome Sequencing Points towards a Multi-Gene Synergistic Action in the Pathogenesis of Congenital Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency
Γλώσσες Τεκμηρίου:
Αγγλικά
Περίληψη:
Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is characterized by deficiency of growth hormone and at least one other pituitary hormone. Pathogenic variants in more than 30 genes expressed during the development of the head, hypothalamus, and/or pituitary have been identified so far to cause genetic forms of CPHD. However, the etiology of around 85% of the cases remains unknown. The aim of this study was to unveil the genetic etiology of CPHD due to congenital hypopituitarism employing whole exome sequencing (WES) in two newborn patients, initially tested and found to be negative for PROP1, LHX3, LHX4 and HESX1 pathogenic variants by Sanger sequencing and for copy number variations by MLPA. In this study, the application of WES in these CPHD newborns revealed the presence of three different heterozygous gene variants in each patient. Specifically in patient 1, the variants BMP4; p.Ala42Pro, GNRH1; p.Arg73Ter and SRA1; p.Gln32Glu, and in patient 2, the SOX9; p.Val95Ile, HS6ST1; p.Arg306Gln, and IL17RD; p.Pro566Ser were identified as candidate gene variants. These findings further support the hypothesis that CPHD constitutes an oligogenic rather than a monogenic disease and that there is a genetic overlap between CPHD and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Συγγραφείς:
Sertedaki, A.
Tatsi, E.B.
Vasilakis, I.A.
Fylaktou, I.
Nikaina, E.
Iacovidou, N.
Siahanidou, T.
Kanaka-Gantenbein, C.
Περιοδικό:
Cell Reports Medicine
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
bone morphogenetic protein 4; corticotropin; follitropin; growth hormone; human growth hormone; hydrocortisone; hypophysis hormone; levothyroxine; luteinizing hormone; prasterone sulfate; prolactin; somatomedin C; testosterone; thyrotropin; thyroxine; homeodomain protein, Article; child; clinical article; copy number variation; gene; gene mutation; genetic screening; growth hormone deficiency; HESX1 gene; holoprosencephaly; hormone deficiency; human; hyperbilirubinemia; hypertransaminasemia; hypoglycemia; hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; hypopituitarism; hypothalamus; hypothyroidism; intrauterine growth retardation; LHX3 gene; LHX4 gene; male; maternal inheritance; multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification; muscle hypotonia; newborn; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; phenotype; PROP1 gene; Sanger sequencing; single nucleotide polymorphism; synergistic effect; whole exome sequencing; genetics; hypopituitarism; whole exome sequencing, DNA Copy Number Variations; Homeodomain Proteins; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Infant, Newborn; Whole Exome Sequencing
DOI:
10.3390/cells11132088
